细花徳昭藤种子生物学特性和繁殖技术初探

Preliminary Study on the Biological Characteristics and Propagation Techniques of Cheniella tenuiflora Seeds

摘要: 目的：探究细花徳昭藤种子的生物学特性及适宜播种繁殖技术，为种苗繁育和生产应用提供科学依据。方法：测定细花徳昭藤种子的长度、宽度、厚度、种子形态指数、千粒重等形态指标；设置破皮处理(沿种脐对面缝线剪破种皮)与不破皮对照两个处理，比较不同处理在浸水状态下的种子吸胀率变化及最终出苗率。结果：成熟的细花徳昭藤种子呈深棕黑色扁椭球形，平均长度为7.27 mm，宽度为5.48 mm，厚度为2.39 mm，种子形态指数(长/宽)为1.33，千粒重为76.07 g，属于中粒种子偏小的种子。吸胀试验结果表明，破皮处理种子的吸胀速率显著高于对照，浸泡3 d后吸胀率达136.93% ± 1.24%，趋于饱和，而对照吸涨率变化仅约0.95%。出苗率测定结果显示，破皮处理种子出苗率可达86.67% ± 5.78%，显著高于对照的6.67% ± 5.78%。结论：细花徳昭藤种子种皮具有一定的透水性障碍，机械破皮处理能够有效破除吸水障碍，显著提高种子的吸胀速率和出苗率。

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to investigate the biological characteristics of Cheniella tenuiflora seeds and to explore suitable sowing and propagation techniques, thereby providing a scientific basis for seedling cultivation and production applications. Methods: Morphological indicators of Cheniella tenuiflora seeds, including length, width, thickness, seed shape index, and 1000-seed weight, were measured. Two treatments were established: seed coat chipping (cutting the seed coat along the suture opposite the hilum using pruning shears) and an untreated control. The changes in imbibition rate over different soaking durations and the final emergence rate were compared between treatments. Results: The seeds of Cheniella tenuiflora were oblate-spheroidal in shape, with an average length of 7.27 mm, width of 5.48 mm, thickness of 2.39 mm, a seed shape index (length/width) of 1.33, and a 1000-seed weight of 76.07 g. The imbibition test results indicated that the imbibition rate of seeds subjected to coat chipping was significantly higher than that of the control. After 3 days of soaking, the imbibition rate of chipped seeds approached saturation (136.93% ± 1.24%), whereas that of the control seeds was only 0.95%. The emergence rate determination revealed that the emergence rate of chipped seeds reached 86.67% ± 5.78%, which was significantly higher than the 6.67% ± 5.78% observed in the control group. Conclusion: The seed coat of Cheniella tenuiflora plant seeds presents a certain barrier to water permeability. Mechanical coat chipping can effectively overcome this dormancy obstacle, significantly enhancing both the seed imbibition rate and emergence rate.