基于PDCA模型的低空飞行空管工作分析：飞行特点、安全风险、应对措施

Analysis of Air Traffic Control for Low-Altitude Flight Operations Based on the PDCA Model: Flight Characteristics, Safety Risks, and Countermeasures

摘要: 近年来，低空飞行航空器的飞行总量、产品类型等呈爆发式增长趋势，取得的社会效益很显著，但是在空中交通管理方面的工作统筹及落地较少。本文从“人、机、环、管”等方面，梳理分析低空飞行风险因素，归纳总结空中交通管理工作在人员管理、基础设施建设、专业设备配置等方面的风险因素，提出下一步工作计划。选取华山景区低空物流无人机运输项目，基于PDCA循环理论，制定了工作计划、设定了KPIs指标值，结合实际运行数据进行了目标值检查，并开展了优化迭代工作，实现了低空飞行工作的闭环管理。本文提出的PDCA循环与低空飞行试点项目相结合的持续改进机制，为进一步提升低空飞行空管保障能力提供工作思路，为逐步消除低空飞行安全风险因素提供理论参考。

Abstract: In recent years, the total flight volume and product types of low-altitude flight aircraft have shown an explosive growth trend, achieving significant social benefits. However, there has been relatively little systematic planning and implementation in terms of air traffic management. This paper analyzes the risk factors of low-altitude flights from the perspectives of “human, equipment, environment, and management,” summarizes the risk factors in air traffic management work in areas such as personnel management, infrastructure construction, and specialized equipment configuration, and proposes next-step work plans. The Huashan Scenic Area low-altitude logistics drone transport project is selected as a case study. Based on the PDCA cycle theory, a work plan is formulated, KPIs target values are set, target inspections are conducted using actual operational data, and optimization and iteration efforts are carried out, achieving closed-loop management of low-altitude flight operations. The continuous improvement mechanism proposed in this paper, which integrates the PDCA cycle with low-altitude flight pilot projects, provides operational ideas for further enhancing air traffic control support capabilities for low-altitude flights and offers theoretical references for gradually eliminating safety risk factors in low-altitude flight operations.