川南页岩气井生产特征及开采方式优化

Production Characteristics and Exploitation Method Optimization of Shale Gas Wells in Southern Sichuan

摘要: 基于四川盆地川南页岩气田161口井的地质工程数据、全生命周期生产动态及现场试验成果，系统分析了气田“三高一微”(埋深3300~5000 m、温度124℃~148℃、压力系数1.75~2.1、微含H₂S为0~18 mg/m³)的地质特征与“压力三阶段递减、产量分化显著、积液频发”的生产规律，构建了以“早期控压生产 + 优选管柱、中期柱塞 + 泡排 + 气举、后期增压 + 复合工艺、压窜井连续气举 + 泡排强排液”为核心的全生命周期采气工艺体系。该体系经现场验证，已实施工艺累计应用58井次，累计增产22.62 × 10⁸ m³，维护气量占比48.98%，电驱气举、井间高低压气举等工艺实现成本降低40%~60%，平台井群生产时率提升至93%。研究成果为四川盆地同类中深层高压页岩气田高效开发提供了可靠工程借鉴。

Abstract: Based on geological and engineering data, full-life-cycle production performance, and field test results of 161 wells in the southern Sichuan shale gas field of the Sichuan Basin, this study systematically analyzed the geological characteristics of the gas field featured by “three highs and one trace” (burial depth 3300~5000 m, temperature 124˚C~148˚C, pressure coefficient 1.75~2.1, and trace H₂S content 0~18 mg/m³) as well as its production patterns characterized by “three-stage pressure decline, significant production differentiation, and frequent liquid loading”. A full-life-cycle gas production technology system was established, with the core consisting of “early-stage pressure-controlled production + optimized tubing string, mid-stage plunger lift + foam drainage + gas lift, late-stage pressurization + composite processes, and continuous gas lift + strong foam drainage for channeling wells”. Field verification shows that the above technologies have been applied to 58 well-times, with a cumulative incremental gas production of 22.62 × 10⁸ m³ and a maintained gas production ratio of 48.98%. Technologies such as electric-driven gas lift and inter-well high-low pressure gas lift have reduced costs by 40%~60%, and the production efficiency of platform well clusters has been raised to 93%. The research results provide a reliable engineering reference for the efficient development of similar mid-deep high-pressure shale gas fields in the Sichuan Basin.