媒介依赖理论视角下青少年短视频成瘾的形成机制与影响分析

Analysis of the Formation Mechanism and Impact of Short Video Addiction among Adolescents from the Perspective of Media Dependence Theory

摘要: 随着短视频深度融入青少年日常生活，过度使用引发的成瘾问题已成为社会与学界关注焦点。本文以媒介依赖理论为核心框架，结合心流理论，采用文献研究法与模型构建法，系统剖析青少年短视频成瘾的形成机制与多维影响。研究发现，青少年短视频成瘾遵循依赖形成–依赖强化–依赖固化–循环再生的动态演进路径，心流体验中的愉悦、专注、时间扭曲分别在不同阶段发挥关键中介作用，共同推动成瘾行为闭环强化。在此基础上，本文构建媒介依赖理论视角下青少年短视频成瘾循环强化模型，从个人、社交、社会三个层面阐释短视频成瘾带来的认知退化、社交疏离、价值观浅层化等负面影响，并提出个人自律、家庭学校引导、平台与社会协同治理的综合干预策略。研究旨在弥补现有理论对成瘾过程解释不足的缺陷，为引导青少年健康使用短视频、完善数字平台治理提供理论参考与实践依据。

Abstract: With the deep integration of short videos into the daily lives of teenagers, addiction caused by excessive use has become a focus of social and academic attention. This paper uses media dependence theory as its core framework, combined with flow theory, and employs literature review and model building methods to systematically analyze the formation mechanism and multidimensional impact of short video addiction among teenagers. The study finds that adolescent short video addiction follows a dynamic evolutionary path of dependence formation, dependence reinforcement, dependence solidification, and cyclical regeneration. Pleasure, focus, and time distortion in the flow experience play key mediating roles at different stages, jointly promoting the closed-loop reinforcement of addictive behavior. Based on this, this paper constructs a cyclical reinforcement model of adolescent short video addiction from the perspective of media dependence theory, explaining the negative impacts of short video addiction, such as cognitive regression, social alienation, and superficial values, from personal, social, and societal perspectives. It also proposes a comprehensive intervention strategy involving personal self-discipline, family and school guidance, and collaborative governance by platforms and society. This research aims to address the shortcomings of existing theories in explaining the addiction process and provide a theoretical reference and practical basis for guiding teenagers to use short videos healthily and improving the governance of digital platforms.