脊柱手术中微小力测量的模拟研究

Simulation Study on Micro-Force Measurement in Spinal Surgery

摘要: 随着人口老龄化、久坐工作方式增加以及对生活质量要求的提高，围绕腰椎疾病的精准减压、稳定重建和功能恢复，已经成为脊柱外科与高端医疗装备交叉领域的重要研究方向。腰椎后路椎间融合术是治疗腰椎退变性疾病的重要术式，但术中器械与组织的接触载荷缺乏精准量化手段，易因操作力不当引发神经损伤等并发症。传统电学传感器受尺寸、电磁干扰等限制，难以适配手术场景，而光纤传感具备微型化、抗干扰等优势，成为术中微小力测量的优选方案。本文聚焦腰椎后路椎间融合术中应力感知，开展理论、仿真研究。

Abstract: With the aging of the population, the increase in sedentary work styles, and the rising demand for quality of life, research focusing on precise decompression, stable reconstruction, and functional recovery of lumbar spine diseases has become an important research direction in the interdisciplinary field of spinal surgery and high-end medical equipment. Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion is an important surgical method for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases, but there is a lack of precise quantitative methods for the contact load between surgical instruments and tissues during the operation, which easily leads to complications such as nerve injury due to improper operating force. Traditional electrical sensors are difficult to adapt to surgical scenarios due to limitations such as size and electromagnetic interference, while optical fiber sensing, with advantages such as miniaturization and anti-interference, has become the preferred solution for micro-force measurement during surgery. This paper focuses on stress sensing during PLIF surgery, taking FBG and MZI optical fiber sensing as the core, to carry out theoretical, simulation and experimental research.