自我相关信息启动对情绪信息加工的 影响
The Influence of Self-Related Information Priming on Emotional Information Processing
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2026.167357, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 邱欣妍：淮南师范学院应用心理学系，安徽 淮南；李晓庆*：淮南师范学院应用心理学系，安徽 淮南；辽宁师范大学心理学院，辽宁 大连
关键词: 情绪；效价强度；自我；行为；Emotional； Valence Intensity； Self； Behavior
摘要: 研究采用行为实验，通过2 (效价：积极、消极) × 3 (效价强度：强、弱、无) × 3 (自我相关程度：高、弱、无) × 2 (性别：男、女)的混合实验设计探究自我相关信息启动对情绪信息加工的影响。实验发现：(1) 在同学启动下，被试的正确显著率高于自我启动和生人启动(P < .05)；在强效价情绪下，女生的正确率显著高于男生(P < .05)，且对于女生而言，强效价情绪下的正确率显著高于弱效价情绪(P < .001)；效价与效价强度的交互作用显著(P < .001)，消极情绪条件下，强效价的正确率显著高于弱效价(P < .001)，且无论是强效价(P < .001)还是弱效价(P < .01)，消极情绪条件下的正确率均高于积极情绪条件。(2) 强效价情绪条件下的反应时要显著快于弱效价情绪条件(P < .05)。结果表明：(1) 个体在对情绪刺激进行反应时，存在明显的负性情绪偏向，且对于负性刺激存在显著的效价强度效应。(2) 在启动范式下，自我相关信息对情绪信息加工存在双重作用机制——既能唤起注意，也可能因注意资源分配失衡而干扰后续任务。
Abstract: A behavioral experiment was conducted using a mixed design of 2 (valence: positive, negative) × 3 (valence intensity: strong, weak, none) × 3 (self-relevance: high, weak, none) × 2 (gender: male, female) to investigate the influence of self-related information priming on emotional information processing. The results showed that: (1) Accuracy was significantly higher under the classmate priming condition than under the self and stranger priming conditions (P < .05). Under strong-valence conditions, females were more accurate than males (P < .05). Additionally, for females, accuracy was higher under strong- than weak-valence conditions (P < .001). The valence × valence intensity interaction was significant (P < .001): under negative valence, strong-valence accuracy exceeded weak-valence accuracy (P < .001); moreover, accuracy was higher for negative than positive valence regardless of intensity (strong: P < .001; weak: P < .01). (2) Reaction times were faster under strong-valence than weak-valence conditions (P < .05). These findings indicate that: (1) individuals exhibit a clear negativity bias when responding to emotional stimuli, and a significant valence intensity effect exists for negative stimuli; (2) under the priming paradigm, self-related information exerts a dual mechanism on emotional information processing—it can both capture attention and, due to imbalanced allocation of attentional resources, interfere with subsequent task performance.
文章引用：邱欣妍, 李晓庆 (2026). 自我相关信息启动对情绪信息加工的 影响. 心理学进展, 16(7), 250-257. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.167357

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