基于天问Block的单片机渐进式教学实践

A Progressive Teaching Practice in Microcontroller Based on Tianwen Block

摘要: 单片机课程教学存在“纯代码”与“纯图形化”编程的各自弊端。对此从认知负荷理论视角出发，依托天问Block平台，通过教学实践探索出一种“图形化到代码化”的渐进式教学模式。该模式通过重构教学内容、设计阶梯式项目，并引入BOPPPS教学组织方法，构建出一条“低门槛切入–代码对照解析–独立编程拓展”的渐进路径。实际教学反馈显示，这一做法不仅减轻了学生的学习挫败感，也明显增强了他们的学习兴趣与编程自信，学生成绩亦有提升，从而为单片机及相关课程的教学改革提供了一个可参照的系统化实践方案。

Abstract: Both code-only and graphical-only programming have their respective shortcomings in the teaching of microcontroller courses. To address this, from the perspective of cognitive load theory and based on the Tianwen Block platform, this paper explores and proposes a “graphical-to-code” progressive teaching model through teaching practice. The model builds a structured learning pathway, beginning with accessible entry points, moving through comparative code analysis, and culminating in self-directed programming tasks. Approach of “from graphical programming to code-based programming” needs the reorganization of course materials, the development of sequenced projects, and the adoption of the BOPPPS instructional framework. Feedback from actual classroom implementation shows that the model helps alleviate student frustration during the learning process, while also strengthening engagement and self-assurance in programming. Correspondingly, students’ score has improved. Overall, this work offers a structured, practical reference for enhancing microcontroller and related engineering courses.