基于经筋理论运用浮针疗法治疗 非特异性下腰痛的研究进展

Research Progress on Floating Acupuncture Therapy for Nonspecific Low Back Pain Based on Meridian-Tendon Theory

摘要: 非特异性下腰痛发病率高、易反复，常规治疗手段存在局限性。经筋理论是中医阐释软组织病变的重要学说，浮针疗法以皮下筋膜扫散为核心操作，二者在病位认知、诊察方法及治疗靶向上高度契合。近年来，基于经筋理论的浮针疗法在本病治疗中应用渐广，临床研究证实其能快速缓解疼痛、改善腰椎功能，相关机制涉及筋膜力学传导、神经调控与局部微环境重塑。本文从经筋理论对下腰痛的认识、浮针的技术特点及二者结合的理论基础、临床研究现状、可能的作用机制四个方面进行综述，并分析当前研究的不足与未来方向，以期为临床与科研提供参考。

Abstract: Nonspecific low back pain has a high incidence and high recurrence rate, and conventional treatments have limitations. The meridian-tendon theory is an important traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctrine for explaining soft tissue lesions. Centered on subcutaneous fascia sweeping manipulation, floating needle therapy is highly consistent with the meridian-tendon theory in lesion localization, diagnostic methods and therapeutic targets. In recent years, floating needle therapy guided by the meridian-tendon theory has been widely adopted for this disease. Clinical studies have proven that it can rapidly relieve pain and improve lumbar function, and its therapeutic mechanisms involve fascial mechanical conduction, neuromodulation and local microenvironment remodeling. This article reviews four aspects: the understanding of low back pain based on the meridian-tendon theory, technical features of floating needle therapy, theoretical basis for their combination, current clinical research status and potential mechanisms of action. The deficiencies of existing studies and future research directions are also analyzed to provide references for clinical practice and scientific research.