红曲防治心血管疾病作用机制的研究进展

Research Progress on the Mechanisms of Red Yeast Rice in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

摘要: 心血管疾病是全球范围内导致死亡的主要原因之一，随着人口老龄化进程加剧，心血管疾病的发生率及死亡率呈逐年上升趋势。目前治疗以西药治疗为主，常出现不良反应。红曲，是一种临床常用的活血化瘀中药，其内含有红曲色素、他汀类、甾醇、红曲多糖、氨基丁酸等多种活性成分，具有调节糖脂代谢、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗炎、抗氧化反应、保护血管内皮、降血压、抗肥胖等多种药理学功效，显著降低心血管疾病进程中多种危险因素，通过多靶点干预展现对心血管疾病的防治作用。本文旨在为中药红曲在心血管疾病防治领域的深入研究和临床转化提供理论依据与方向参考，并为新药研发提供更多选择。

Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and their incidence and mortality rates have been rising steadily due to an increasingly aging population. Current treatments primarily rely on Western medicine, which often leads to adverse effects. Red yeast rice (Monascus purpureus Went) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. It contains various active components such as monascin, statins, sterols, Monascus polysaccharides and gamma-aminobutyric acid. These compounds exhibit multiple pharmacological effects, including regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions, protection of vascular endothelium, blood pressure reduction, and anti-obesity properties. They significantly reduce multiple risk factors involved in cardiovascular disease progression and demonstrate preventive and therapeutic potential through multi-target interventions. This article aims to provide theoretical foundations and directional guidance for further research and clinical translation of Red yeast rice in cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment, while also offering new options for drug development.