马克思主义劳动力再生产理论视角下养老保障体系重构研究

Research on the Reconstruction of the Pension Security System from the Perspective of Marxist Labor Force Reproduction Theory

摘要: 在深度老龄化与数字经济发展背景下，我国现行养老保障体系难以适配劳动力再生产全周期需求，出现可持续性不足、公平性失衡等现实困境。现有研究对养老保障的劳动力再生产本质挖掘不足，缺乏马克思主义理论深层指引。本文以马克思主义劳动力再生产理论为核心，结合相关理论明确养老保障的本质定位，诊断体系困境并剖析深层成因，提出“基础普惠 + 职业积累 + 个人发展”三维重构方案及配套实施路径，为破解养老痛点、应对人口老龄化提供理论与实践支撑。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of a deep aging population and the development of the digital economy, China’s current pension security system is difficult to meet the demands of the entire cycle of labor force reproduction, leading to practical predicaments such as insufficient sustainability and imbalance in fairness. Existing research has insufficient exploration of the labor force reproduction essence of old-age security and lacks in-depth guidance from Marxist theory. This article takes the Marxist theory of labor force reproduction as its core, combines relevant theories to clarify the essential positioning of old-age security, diagnoses the system’s predicament and analyzes the underlying causes, and proposes a three-dimensional reconstruction plan of “basic inclusiveness + professional accumulation + personal development” and the corresponding implementation path, providing theoretical and practical support for solving the pain points of old-age security and responding to population aging.