职业院校助力农村电商的耦合机制、现实困境与路径优化

The Coupling Mechanism, Realistic Dilemmas, and Path Optimization of Vocational Colleges Empowering Rural E-Commerce

摘要: 职业院校与农村电商的协同发展是助力乡村振兴的重要议题，但二者的内在协同机理与现实障碍尚未得到系统揭示。本文引入耦合理论，构建“主体–功能–价值”三层递进分析框架，以北京市为案例，通过对57位利益相关者的深度访谈及政策文本分析，考察二者的协同逻辑与断裂机理。研究发现，主体、功能与价值三层耦合并非自动传导，在“大城市带小农业”的特殊情境下，存在“政策信息壁垒–资源闲置”“校企合作浅层化–培养错位”“激励缺失–价值共创难继”三条断裂传导路径，由此形成“高期望–低参与”的结构性张力。据此，本文从构建协同治理机制、深化产教融合、完善激励制度等方面提出优化路径。本研究将耦合理论从“结构匹配”拓展至“过程衔接”维度，为理解职业教育服务区域产业的内在限度提供了新的分析视角。

Abstract: The synergistic development between vocational colleges and rural e-commerce is a critical issue in advancing rural revitalization; however, their internal coupling mechanisms and practical barriers have yet to be systematically revealed. This study introduces coupling theory and constructs a three-tier progressive analytical framework of “subject-function-value”. Taking Beijing as a case, and drawing on in-depth interviews with 57 stakeholders and policy text analysis, it examines the synergistic logic and fracture mechanisms between the two. The findings show that the coupling of subjects, functions, and values does not transmit automatically. Under the unique context of a “big city with small-scale suburban agriculture”, three fracture transmission paths exist: “policy information barriers → resource idleness”, “superficial school-enterprise cooperation → training mismatch”, and “lack of incentives → unsustainable value co-creation”, giving rise to a structural tension of “high expectations but low participation”. Accordingly, this paper proposes optimization pathways in terms of building a collaborative governance mechanism, deepening industry-education integration, and improving incentive systems. This study extends coupling theory from a “structural matching” perspective to a “process linkage” dimension, offering a new analytical lens for understanding the inherent limits of vocational education in serving regional industries.