消融术与亚肺叶切除术治疗I期非小细胞肺癌的疗效比较及预后预测模型研究进展

Comparison of Efficacy between Ablation and Sublobar Resection for Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Research Progress on Prognostic Prediction Models

摘要: 肺癌是全球发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤，其中非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)占比约85%。随着早诊早筛的普及，I期NSCLC的检出比例逐渐增加，其治疗目标已从单纯的肿瘤根治转向兼顾疗效、功能保护与生活质量的个体化综合管理。虽然亚肺叶切除术作为标准外科治疗手段，但消融术凭借微创、可重复、恢复快等特点，已成为不能耐受手术患者的重要替代治疗。然而，两种治疗方式的疗效比较仍存在争议。本文围绕I期NSCLC中消融术与亚肺叶切除术的应用基础、疗效比较、方法学问题及预后预测模型构建进行综述，以期为临床个体化治疗决策提供参考。

Abstract: Lung cancer is the most common and deadliest malignancy worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for approximately 85% of all cases. With the widespread implementation of early screening and diagnosis, the detection rate of stage I NSCLC has gradually increased. The treatment goal for these patients has shifted from simple tumor eradication to individualized comprehensive management that balances efficacy, functional preservation, and quality of life. Although sublobar resection remains a standard surgical treatment, ablation has emerged as an important alternative for patients who cannot tolerate surgery due to its minimal invasiveness, repeatability, and rapid recovery. However, there is still controversy regarding the efficacy comparison between the two treatment modalities. This review focuses on the application basis, efficacy comparison, methodological issues, and progress in prognostic prediction models of ablation and sublobar resection for stage I NSCLC, aiming to provide a reference for individualized clinical decision-making.