以“急则治标，缓则治本”探析哮喘缓解期 患者的临证举隅

A Case Analysis of Asthma in Remission Guided by the Principle of “Symptomatic Treatment in Acute Stage and Radical Treatment in Chronic Stage”

摘要: 支气管哮喘属中医“哮病”范畴，缓解期病机多为本虚标实，以肺脾肾阳虚为本，寒饮痰湿伏肺为标，病情易反复迁延。本文以1例哮喘缓解期痰湿内蕴患者为研究对象，探析“急则治标，缓则治本”治则指导下，以从肺、到脾、到肾为核心的递进式治疗思路。分期用药逐层祛伏痰、补脏腑，患者咳喘痰多、肢体困重等痰湿证候逐步消失，机体正气复健。证实标本分治、循序调补肺脾肾，是改善痰湿型哮喘缓解期的有效治法。标本有序、攻补兼施，临床疗效确切，可为哮喘缓解期痰湿证的中医辨证治疗提供参考。

Abstract: Bronchial asthma falls under the category of “wheezing disorder” (Xiao Bing) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). During the remission phase, the pathogenesis is predominantly characterized by root deficiency and branch excess, with Yang deficiency of the Lung, Spleen, and Kidney as the root cause, and cold fluid, phlegm, and dampness lurking in the Lung as the branch manifestation, leading to recurrent and protracted episodes. This paper takes a patient with phlegm-dampness internal accumulation during asthma remission as the research subject, and explores a progressive treatment strategy—from the Lung, to the Spleen, and then to the Kidney—guided by the principle of “treating the manifestation in acute cases and the root cause in chronic cases”. Through staged medication, the latent phlegm was gradually eliminated and the viscera were supplemented in layers. The patient’s dampness-phlegm symptoms, such as wheezing, copious sputum, and heavy limbs, progressively resolved, and the body’s healthy qi was restored. This confirms that differentiating treatment between manifestation and root causes, along with sequential tonification of the Lung, Spleen, and Kidney, is an effective therapeutic approach for improving phlegm-dampness type asthma in remission. With orderly differentiation between root and branch, and combined attack and supplementation, the clinical efficacy is definite, providing a reference for TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment of phlegm-dampness pattern in asthma remission.