新时代大学生劳动价值观现状及培育路径研究——基于济宁医学院1025名本科新生的调查

Research on Status Quo and Cultivation Path of Labor Values among College Students in the New Era—A Survey of 1025 Undergraduate Freshmen at Jining Medical University

摘要: 目的：了解新时代本科新生劳动价值观现状及其维度特征，为医学院校劳动教育提供实证依据。方法：采用自编《大学生劳动意识及其培育研究调查问卷》，对济宁医学院1025名本科新生进行问卷调查，从劳动认知、劳动情感、劳动意志、劳动行为四个维度测量劳动价值观，运用描述性统计、信效度检验和独立样本t检验进行数据分析。结果：劳动价值观现状量表总体信度较好(Cronbach’s α = 0.919)，KMO值为0.942，Bartlett球形检验显著(χ² = 14661.532, df = 210, P < 0.001)。样本劳动价值观总体得分为4.67 ± 0.41，处于良好水平；四个维度中，劳动情感得分最高(4.83 ± 0.39)，劳动行为得分相对最低(4.50 ± 0.61)。女生在总体劳动价值观、劳动情感和劳动意志维度上的得分显著高于男生(P < 0.01)。结论：济宁医学院本科新生劳动价值观总体积极，但劳动行为转化、艰苦劳动体验和专业劳动融合仍需加强。

Abstract: Objective: To examine the current status and dimensional characteristics of labor values among undergraduate freshmen in the new era, and to provide empirical evidence for labor education in medical universities. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1025 undergraduate freshmen at Jining Medical University using the self-developed Questionnaire on College Students’ Labor Awareness and Its Cultivation. Labor values were measured in four dimensions: labor cognition, labor emotion, labor will and labor behavior. Descriptive statistics, reliability and validity tests, and independent-samples t tests were used for data analysis. Results: The Labor Values Status Scale showed good reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.919). The KMO value was 0.942, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant (χ² = 14661.532, df = 210, P < 0.001). The overall score of labor values of the sample was 4.67 ± 0.41, indicating a favorable level. Labor emotion scored the highest (4.83 ± 0.39), whereas labor behavior scored relatively lower (4.50 ± 0.61). Female students scored significantly higher than male students in overall labor values, labor emotion and labor will (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Undergraduate freshmen at Jining Medical University generally hold positive labor values, but more attention should be paid to behavioral transformation, arduous labor experience and integration with medical professional training.