IL-17A在阿尔茨海默病发病机制中的作用 及研究进展
The Role of IL-17A in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Recent Research Advances
DOI: 10.12677/ns.2026.157224, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 郑 瑶*, 张建安*, 谢海蝶, 马瑜洁, 贾云飞, 王平义, 王向丽, 张 毅, 廖和和#：西藏民族大学医学院西藏自治区高原胃肠病临床医学研究中心，陕西 咸阳
关键词: 阿尔茨海默病；IL-17A；神经炎症；小胶质细胞；Th17细胞；Alzheimer’s Disease； IL-17A； Neuroinflammation； Microglia； Th17 Cells
摘要: 阿尔茨海默病(AD)以β-淀粉样蛋白沉积、Tau蛋白异常磷酸化、突触损伤和进行性认知功能下降为主要特征。近年研究表明，神经炎症并非AD病理的单纯伴随现象，而是推动疾病进展的重要机制。IL-17A作为Th17细胞等免疫细胞分泌的关键促炎因子，可通过IL-17RA/RC-Act1-NF-κB/MAPK等通路参与Aβ沉积、血脑屏障破坏、小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞异常活化及外周免疫细胞浸润。动物研究提示，抑制IL-17A可减轻神经炎症、降低Aβ负荷并改善认知功能；但临床样本中IL-17A水平变化存在异质性，可能受疾病阶段、样本类型和检测方法影响。IL-17A作为连接外周Th17反应、血脑屏障功能、胶质细胞活化及Aβ/Tau病理的炎症耦联枢纽，具有阶段依赖性和双向调节特征，但其临床转化仍需解决干预时机、安全性及靶向递送等问题。
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by β-amyloid deposition, aberrant tau phosphorylation, synaptic dysfunction, and progressive cognitive decline. Increasing evidence indicates that neuroinflammation is not merely a secondary response to AD pathology but an active driver of disease progression. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A), a key pro-inflammatory cytokine mainly produced by Th17 cells and other immune cell subsets, may contribute to AD pathogenesis through the IL-17RA/RC-Act1-NF-κB/MAPK signaling axis. IL-17A is involved in Aβ accumulation, blood-brain barrier disruption, aberrant activation of microglia and astrocytes, and infiltration of peripheral immune cells. Preclinical studies suggest that inhibition of IL-17A can attenuate neuroinflammation, reduce Aβ burden, and improve cognitive performance. However, clinical studies have reported inconsistent changes in IL-17A levels in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid, likely due to differences in disease stage, sample type, and detection platforms. IL-17A serves as an inflammatory coupling hub linking peripheral Th17 responses, blood-brain barrier integrity, glial activation, and Aβ/Tau pathology. It exhibits stage-dependent and bidirectional regulatory characteristics; however, its clinical translation necessitates addressing challenges related to intervention timing, safety profiles, and targeted delivery.
文章引用：郑瑶, 张建安, 谢海蝶, 马瑜洁, 贾云飞, 王平义, 王向丽, 张毅, 廖和和. IL-17A在阿尔茨海默病发病机制中的作用 及研究进展[J]. 护理学, 2026, 15(7): 120-126. https://doi.org/10.12677/ns.2026.157224

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