从赋能到束缚：数字反哺中的表演性照护与 情感空心化研究

From Empowerment to Restraint: A Study on Performative Care and Emotional Emptiness in Digital Back-Feeding

摘要: 数字反哺作为数字时代家庭代际互动的核心形式，被普遍视为弥合老年群体数字鸿沟、实现技术赋能与代际情感联结的重要路径。然而，在实践过程中，数字反哺逐渐呈现出从“赋能”到“束缚”的异化倾向，子代的数字支持异化为表演性照护，亲代的情感需求被忽视，进而引发代际情感空心化危机。本研究以深度访谈法为核心研究方法，对江苏省9个乡村空巢家庭(共18名受访者)进行半结构化访谈，结合质性分析软件Nvivo 12对访谈资料进行编码与分析，深入探究数字反哺中表演性照护的表征、形成机制及其对代际情感关系的影响。研究发现，数字反哺中的表演性照护主要表现为工具性替代、仪式化互动与符号化展演三大特征，其形成源于子代时间贫困、代际数字权力失衡与孝道伦理数字化三重逻辑。基于此，本研究提出重构代际数字互动模式、回归情感照护本质、构建多元数字助老体系的对策建议，为化解数字时代家庭代际情感危机、促进老年友好型社会建设提供理论参考与实践路径。

Abstract: As a core form of intergenerational family interaction in the digital age, digital back-feeding is widely regarded as an important approach to bridging the digital divide among the elderly, achieving technological empowerment, and fostering intergenerational emotional bonds. However, in practice, digital back-feeding has gradually shown an alienating tendency from “empowerment” to “restraint”. The digital support provided by the younger generation has been alienated into performative care, while the emotional needs of the older generation have been neglected, thus triggering a crisis of intergenerational emotional emptiness. Adopting in-depth interviews as the primary research method, this study conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 respondents from 9 rural empty-nester families in Jiangsu Province. The interview data were coded and analyzed using the qualitative analysis software Nvivo12 to explore in depth the manifestations, formation mechanisms of performative care in digital back-feeding and its impacts on intergenerational emotional relationships. The study finds that performative care in digital back-feeding is mainly characterized by instrumental substitution, ritualized interaction, and symbolic performance. Its formation stems from three logics: time poverty among the younger generation, unbalanced intergenerational digital power, and the digitalization of filial piety ethics. On this basis, this study proposes countermeasures and suggestions including reconstructing the intergenerational digital interaction model, returning to the essence of emotional care, and building a diversified digital elderly support system, so as to provide theoretical references and practical pathways for resolving intergenerational emotional crises in families in the digital era and promoting the construction of an age-friendly society.