建筑抗震韧性研究进展综述——概念体系、评价方法、提升技术与城市韧性
A Review of Research Advances in Seismic Resilience of Buildings—Conceptual Frameworks, Assessment Methodologies, Enhancement Technologies, and Urban Resilience
DOI: 10.12677/hjce.2026.157177, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 宋粉丽*：郑州大学土木工程学院，河南 郑州；河南省交通科学技术研究院有限公司，河南 郑州；康广朝：河南交建第一工程建设有限公司，河南 郑州；司丽娜：郑州市产品质量检验检测中心，河南 郑州；刘海宽：郑州大学土木工程学院，河南 郑州
关键词: 抗震韧性；建筑结构；评价方法；功能恢复；城市韧性；韧性提升技术；Seismic Resilience； Building Structures； Assessment Methodology； Functional Recovery； Urban Resilience； Resilience Enhancement Technology
摘要: 地震灾害对城市建筑系统的影响，已超越单纯的结构安全范畴，更关乎震后城市功能的快速恢复与社会经济的稳定运行。近十年来，建筑抗震韧性成为国际地震工程领域的核心议题，其内涵从传统“抗倒塌”拓展至建筑与城市系统在地震中维持功能、快速恢复的综合能力。本文基于国内外权威文献，从韧性概念与理论框架、评价方法体系、抗震韧性提升、城市区域韧性及新技术前沿五个维度，系统梳理了该领域最新进展。研究表明：韧性概念正向多尺度功能连续性延伸；抗震韧性评价体系逐步完善，但本土化脆弱性数据仍待加强；自复位结构、隔减震与可更换构件等提升技术效果显著，而大规模应用仍需成本效益分析支持；区域韧性研究从单体评估转向多系统耦合分析，机器学习与数字孪生为实时评估提供了新路径。
Abstract: The impact of seismic hazards on urban building systems extends beyond structural safety, critically affecting the post-earthquake rapid recovery of urban functionality and socio-economic stability. Over the past decade, seismic resilience of buildings has emerged as a central research focus in international earthquake engineering. Its core concept has evolved from the traditional objective of “collapse prevention” to encompass the integrated capacity of buildings and urban systems to maintain essential functions and recover rapidly following seismic events. This paper systematically reviews the latest advancements in this field based on authoritative domestic and international literature, focusing on five key dimensions: resilience concepts and theoretical frameworks, assessment methodologies, seismic resilience enhancement techniques, urban/regional resilience, and emerging technological frontiers. The analysis indicates that: the connotation of resilience is expanding towards multi-scale functional continuity; standardized seismic resilience assessment frameworks are becoming increasingly mature, although the development of localized vulnerability data remains insufficient; resilience enhancement technologies, such as self-centering structures, seismic isolation and energy dissipation systems, and replaceable components, have demonstrated significant effectiveness, yet their widespread application requires further substantiation through cost-benefit analyses; research on regional resilience is shifting from single-building assessment towards multi-system coupled analysis, with emerging technologies like machine learning and digital twins offering new pathways for real-time resilience evaluation.
文章引用：宋粉丽, 康广朝, 司丽娜, 刘海宽. 建筑抗震韧性研究进展综述——概念体系、评价方法、提升技术与城市韧性[J]. 土木工程, 2026, 15(7): 43-58. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2026.157177

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