基于AHP的老年友好社区物业服务影响因素与资源分配的优先级框架

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Property Services and Priority Framework of Resource Allocation in Age-Friendly Communities Based on AHP

摘要: 针对老年友好社区建设物业服务中多元因素交织、决策优先序不明的问题，本研究构建了基于层次分析法(AHP)的影响因素评价模型，为资源分配从“经验导向”向量化权重分析转型提供分析框架。模型涵盖目标层、7项准则层(无障碍设施建设、健康与医疗服务、安全与应急管理、社区活动与社交支持、智慧养老技术支持、人文关怀与服务态度、组织管理与政策执行)及31项指标层。通过专家问卷调查获取同层因素两两比较的判断矩阵，经一致性检验(CR < 0.1)后，计算得出各因素权重。研究发现，健康与医疗服务(权重41.66%)与安全与应急管理(权重21.38%)构成核心维度；智慧养老技术支持与人文关怀等服务软性因素权重次之；组织管理与政策执行等保障性因素则构成基础支撑。本研究通过量化分析揭示了影响因素的具体权重结构，可为社区物业在适老化改造中的资源优化配置、服务重点排序提供决策参考，以期为管理效能的提升提供参考。

Abstract: Addressing the intertwined multiple factors and unclear decision-making priorities in property services for age-friendly community construction, this study constructs an evaluation model of influencing factors based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), providing an analytical framework for transitioning resource allocation from “experience-oriented” practices to quantitative weight analysis. The model comprises a goal level, seven criteria (i.e., barrier-free facility construction, health and medical services, safety and emergency management, community activities and social support, smart elderly care technology support, humanistic care and service attitude, and organizational management and policy implementation), and 31 indicators. Judgment matrices for pairwise comparisons of factors at the same level were obtained through an expert questionnaire survey, and the weights of each factor were calculated after consistency tests (CR < 0.1). The findings reveal that health and medical services (weight 41.66%) and safety and emergency management (weight 21.38%) constitute the core dimensions; soft service factors such as smart elderly care technology support and humanistic care have secondary weights; while supporting factors like organizational management and policy implementation form the foundational support. Through quantitative analysis, this study reveals the weight structure of the influencing factors, which can inform decision-making for community property services in optimizing resource allocation and prioritizing services during age-friendly renovations, thereby providing a reference for improving management effectiveness.