从热力学角度解读脱氢芳构化反应在塑料废弃物价值重生中的教学设计与实践

Teaching and Practice through a Thermodynamic Interpretation of Dehydroaromatization in Plastic Waste Revival

摘要: 以塑料废弃物转化为高价值化学品这一前沿热点为例，教学团队构建了“原理框架–案例解构–教学转化”的情境，探索了一种基于热力学原理解析前沿成果的教学实施路径。首先以吉布斯自由能判据(反应自发性)为核心建立原理框架，继而运用该框架系统分析《科学》(Science)期刊中聚乙烯催化转化为高值化学品的突破性工作，揭示其通过脱氢(芳构化)与加氢(氢解)反应串联耦合实现热力学驱动的设计思路；同时，指导学生开展“废弃口罩制备荧光碳点”教学实验，在实践中阐明热力学条件对材料功能化的驱动作用，构建了“教学–科研–学习”融合的闭环模式。该模式促使学生运用课本知识解析高水平文献，驱动学生提升解决实际问题能力，为工程基础课程将前沿科研融入教学提供了可参考的实践路径。

Abstract: Taking the conversion of plastic waste into high-value chemicals as an example, this paper proposes a “theoretical framework - case deconstruction - teaching transformation” pathway. It explores a teaching model based on thermodynamic analysis of cutting-edge research. First, a theoretical framework centered on the Gibbs free energy criterion is established. This framework is then used to analyze the breakthrough work on catalytic polyethylene upcycling reported in Science, revealing how thermodynamically spontaneous conversion is achieved through coupled dehydrogenation (aromatization) and hydrogenation (hydrogenolysis) reactions. Meanwhile, students are guided to carry out a teaching experiment on “preparing fluorescent carbon dots from waste masks”. This experiment demonstrates how thermodynamic conditions drive material functionalization. A closed-loop “teaching-research-learning” model is established, which helps students connect textbook knowledge with advanced literature and apply it to solve practical problems. This work provides a practical reference for integrating research and education in fundamental engineering courses.