父母教养方式与青少年社交焦虑的关系： 社交网站上行社会比较和真实自我表达 的并行中介作用

The Relationship between Parenting Styles and Adolescent Social Anxiety: The Parallel Mediating Roles of Upward Social Comparison and Authentic Self-Expression on Social Networking Sites

摘要: 为考察数字化背景下父母教养方式影响青少年社交焦虑的内在机制，本研究引入社交网站上行社会比较、真实自我表达为并行中介变量，构建中介模型。采用简式父母教养方式量表、社交网站上行社会比较量表、社交网站真实自我表达量表及青少年社交焦虑量表，对四川省成都市1003名初一、初二、高一和高二的青少年开展问卷调查。结果显示：父母教养方式、社交网站上行社会比较、真实自我表达与社交焦虑两两显著相关；积极教养方式显著负向预测社交焦虑，消极教养方式显著正向预测社交焦虑；社交网站上行社会比较与真实自我表达均在父母教养方式与社交焦虑间发挥显著并行中介作用，且真实自我表达的中介效应更强。研究表明，家庭教养既可直接预测青少年社交焦虑，也可通过网络认知与行为间接作用，为家庭、学校、社会协同开展青少年心理健康教育提供理论依据与实践参考。

Abstract: To investigate the underlying mechanisms by which parental parenting styles influence adolescent social anxiety in the digital context, this study introduced upward social comparison and authentic self-expression on social media as parallel mediating variables to construct a mediation model. Using the Simplified Parenting Style Scale, Upward Social Comparison Scale on Social Media, Authentic Self-Expression Scale on Social Media, and Adolescent Social Anxiety Scale, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,003 adolescents from grade 7, grade 8; grade 10, grade 11 in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. The results demonstrated that parental parenting styles, upward social comparison on social media, and authentic self-expression all exhibited significant pairwise correlations with social anxiety; positive parenting styles negatively predicted social anxiety, whereas negative parenting styles, while positively predicted social anxiety; both upward social comparison and authentic self-expression played significant parallel mediating roles between parental parenting styles and social anxiety, with authentic self-expression demonstrating a stronger mediating effect. The study indicates that family parenting not only directly influences adolescent social anxiety but also indirectly affects it through online cognition and behavior, providing theoretical foundations and practical recommendations for collaborative mental health education efforts involving families, schools, and society.