人工智能对教学变革和师生思辨能力的影响 探讨

Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Teaching Reform and Critical Thinking Development for Teachers and Students

摘要: 与传统搜索引擎搜集现有的知识不同，人工智能(AI)具备强大的语言组织、逻辑推理与知识生成能力，因此，知识获取与教学实践正在被AI改变。AI能够比较系统解析知识的内涵与外延，有可能推动教育向更高的层次发展。AI对各个层次的教育有着不可忽视的影响，本文探讨AI在推动个性化教学、情境化教学与思辨能力培养等方面的积极作用，同时也指出其可能AI会导致教师和学生产生思维依赖和思考惰性。在这个情境之下，本文提出在教师端构建“AI辅助而非主导”的授课原则，给学生设计设计挑战性任务，进一步强化信息素养教育，利用AI来生成个性化的评价体系。本文有望能引导教师在AI背景下，有效利用AI提升学生思考与辨别能力，培养探索思维，避免产生思维惰性，实现从知识传承到思辨强化的教育转型。

Abstract: Unlike traditional search engines that merely retrieve existing knowledge, Artificial Intelligence (AI) possesses robust capabilities in language organization, logical reasoning, and knowledge generation, thereby reshaping knowledge acquisition and teaching practices. AI is capable of systematically analyzing the intension and extension of knowledge, potentially propelling education toward higher levels of development. While AI exerts a significant influence across all educational levels, this paper discusses its positive roles in promoting personalized learning, contextualized instruction, and the cultivation of critical thinking. Concurrently, it highlights the potential risks of AI-induced cognitive dependence and mental inertia among both teachers and students. In this context, the study proposes establishing a teaching principle of “AI as an aid rather than a leader” for educators, designing challenging tasks for students, strengthening information literacy education, and utilizing AI to generate personalized evaluation systems. This study aims to guide educators in effectively leveraging AI to enhance students’ analytical and discernment abilities, foster exploratory thinking, avoid mental inertia, and ultimately achieve an educational transformation from mere knowledge transmission to the reinforcement of critical thinking.