恩格斯《自然辩证法》中的生态思想及其价值启示

Engels’ Ecological Thought in Dialectics of Nature and Value Insights

摘要: 《自然辩证法》是恩格斯关于自然界和自然科学的辩证发展规律的经典著作。恩格斯立足于19世纪欧洲工业革命的时代背景和近代自然科学的发展，汲取古希腊哲学的智慧，批判了形而上学的自然观，扬弃德国古典哲学，阐述了人与自然的辩证关系、相互作用以及和谐共生的实现路径，形成了辩证唯物主义的生态思想。恩格斯的生态思想具有深刻内涵，丰富和发展了马克思主义生态思想，对于我们在推进生态文明建设的进程中发展新质生产力，实现绿色发展，推进生态治理体系和治理能力现代化，构建人与自然的生命共同体具有深刻的价值启示。

Abstract: Dialectics of Nature is Engels’ classic work on the dialectical laws of development in the natural world and the natural sciences. Drawing upon the historical context of the 19th-century European Industrial Revolution and the development of modern natural science, while drawing on the wisdom of ancient Greek philosophy, Engels criticized the metaphysical view of nature and synthesized the achievements of German classical philosophy. He elucidated the dialectical relationship and mutual interaction between humanity and nature, as well as the pathways to achieving harmonious coexistence, thereby forming a dialectical materialist ecological philosophy. Engels’ ecological thought possesses profound implications; it enriches and develops Marxist ecological thought. It offers profound value insights for us as we advance the construction of an ecological civilization—specifically in developing new-quality productive forces, achieving green development, modernizing the ecological governance system and governance capabilities, and building a community of life between humanity and nature.