产业链协同视角下威海苹果林产业集约化经营的瓶颈与突破路径研究

Research on Bottlenecks and Breakthrough Paths of Intensive Management of Weihai Apple Orchards Industry from the Perspective of Industrial Chain Collaboration

摘要: 威海是我国北方典型苹果优生区，现有现代苹果林30余万亩，矮砧集约化栽培模式在国内经济林领域具备示范优势。作为当地重点特色林业产业，威海苹果林产业在推进集约化经营进程中，产业链各环节协同不足的问题日渐突出，成为阻碍林果产业高质量发展的关键因素。本文以产业链协同为研究视角，分别剖析苹果林上游林地生产、中游果品加工、下游产品流通三大环节集约化经营存在的现实瓶颈，结合区域林业发展现状与实践经验，从协同机制构建、林地基础设施升级、科技赋能、品牌培育、综合保障等方面提出系统性突破路径。旨在打造“上游稳生产、中游提增值、下游拓市场”的全链条协同发展格局，全面提升苹果林集约化经营水平与核心竞争力，推动区域林业产业转型升级，也为国内同类经济林集约化转型与全产业链发展提供参考范例。

Abstract: Weihai is a superior apple-producing area in northern China, with more than 300,000 mu of modern apple orchards. Its dwarf rootstock intensive cultivation model has demonstration advantages in domestic economic forest sector. As a key characteristic forestry industry in the region, the insufficient coordination across the industrial chain has become increasingly prominent during the intensive management of Weihai apple orchards, which seriously hinders the high-quality development of fruit and forest industry. From the perspective of industrial chain collaboration, this paper analyzes the bottlenecks of intensive management in the upstream forestland production, midstream fruit processing and downstream product circulation of apple orchards. Combined with the local forestry development status and practical experience, it puts forward systematic breakthrough paths in terms of coordination mechanism construction, forestland infrastructure upgrading, technological empowerment, brand cultivation and comprehensive guarantee. The research aims to form a full-chain collaborative development pattern of “stabilizing production in the upstream, increasing added value in the midstream and expanding markets in the downstream”, comprehensively improve the intensive management level and core competitiveness of apple orchards, promote the transformation and upgrading of regional forestry industry, and provide a reference for the intensive transformation and full-chain development of similar economic forests in China.