妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我调节疲劳研究的范围综述

A Scoping Review of Research on Self-Regulatory Fatigue in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

摘要: 目的：对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我调节疲劳的相关研究进行范围综述，梳理现状、影响因素、评估工具等，为今后深入开展相关研究提供参考。方法：以范围综述方法学为指导，系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库，检索时限为建库至2026年1月30日，由2名研究者独立对检索结果进行筛选、汇总和资料提取。结果：最终纳入8篇文献。妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我调节疲劳处于中等水平，孕中晚期疲劳程度显著高于孕早期；影响因素包含社会人口学、心理与精神因素、疾病相关、妊娠相关因素等；其中6篇文献主要使用了2种妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我调节疲劳通用型测评工具，但整体缺乏针对性。结论：妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我调节疲劳水平较高，且受多种因素影响。自我调节疲劳在预测孕产妇自我管理行为和心理健康方面具有重要作用，未来需开发包含疾病管理负担、母婴健康焦虑等特异性维度的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇自我调节疲劳评估工具，并针对性制定个体化的干预策略，全面提升妊娠期糖尿病孕妇疾病自我管理水平，促进其围产期母婴健康。

Abstract: Objective: To conduct a scoping review on studies concerning self-regulatory fatigue among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), so as to summarize the research status, influencing factors and assessment tools, and provide references for further in-depth research in this field. Methods: Guided by the methodological framework of scoping review, a systematic literature search was performed in multiple databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP Chinese Journal Database and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. The retrieval time was set from the establishment of each database to January 30, 2026. Two independent researchers completed literature screening, summarization and data extraction in accordance with unified standards. Results: A total of eight studies were finally included in the review. The overall level of self-regulatory fatigue among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus was moderate, and the fatigue intensity in the second and third trimesters was significantly higher than that in the first trimester. Its influencing factors covered demographic characteristics, psychological and mental factors, disease-related factors, as well as pregnancy-related factors. Among the included studies, six primarily adopted two generic assessment tools for self-regulatory fatigue among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus, yet these tools generally lack targeted applicability for this population. Conclusion: Pregnant women with GDM commonly experience a moderate to high level of self-regulatory fatigue affected by multiple influencing factors. Self-regulatory fatigue plays a significant role in predicting maternal self-management behaviors and psychological well-being. Future research should focus on developing a specific assessment tool that incorporates dimensions such as disease management burden and anxiety regarding maternal-infant health for pregnant women with GDM. Furthermore, individualized intervention strategies should be formulated to comprehensively enhance the self-management capabilities of pregnant women with GDM, thereby promoting optimal perinatal maternal and infant health outcomes.