大学城空间下代际融合养老志愿服务的可行性分析与建设路径研究——以南京市为例

Feasibility Analysis and Construction Path of Intergenerational Integrated Elderly Care Volunteer Service in University Town Space—A Case Study of Nanjing

摘要: 在人口老龄化加速与高等教育普及化的双重背景下，大学城作为人才集聚与知识创新的核心空间，凭借其独特的场景载体与资源禀赋，成为破解养老服务人力短缺、促进青年社会责任培育的重要依托，代际融合养老志愿服务则成为这一背景下的创新路径。本文以南京市仙林、江宁、浦口三大大学城为研究对象，采用文献研究法、实地调研法、数据分析与案例分析法，系统梳理代际融合养老志愿服务的理论内涵与现实逻辑，全面剖析大学城视域下开展该志愿服务的现实基础、供需特征与核心瓶颈。研究发现，南京高校资源富集、养老需求旺盛、政策支撑完善，为代际融合养老志愿服务的开展提供了天然优势，但同时也存在服务供需错位、专业化水平不足、运行机制不健全等突出问题。基于此，本文结合研究结论，从资源整合、模式创新、能力建设、制度保障、风险防控等维度，构建“政府引导、校地联动、机构协同、青年参与”的四维建设路径，明确具体实施方向，为破解养老服务供需矛盾、推动大学城与社区融合发展，以及实现大学城代际融合养老志愿服务的可持续发展提供理论参考与实践方案。

Abstract: Against the dual background of accelerating population aging and the popularization of higher education, university towns, as core spaces for talent aggregation and knowledge innovation, have become an important support for addressing the shortage of manpower in elderly care services and fostering the social responsibility of young people by virtue of their unique scenario carriers and resource endowments. In this context, intergenerational integrated elderly care volunteer service has emerged as an innovative approach. Taking the three major university towns of Xianlin, Jiangning and Pukou in Nanjing as research objects, this paper systematically combs the theoretical connotation and practical logic of intergenerational integrated elderly care volunteer service through methods of literature research, field investigation, data analysis and case analysis, and comprehensively analyzes the practical foundation, supply-demand characteristics and core bottlenecks of developing such volunteer services from the perspective of university towns. The study finds that Nanjing is endowed with abundant higher education resources, strong elderly care demand and sound policy support, which provide natural advantages for the implementation of intergenerational integrated elderly care volunteer service. However, prominent problems also exist, such as mismatched supply and demand of services, insufficient professionalization, and imperfect operation mechanisms. Accordingly, based on the research conclusions, this paper constructs a four-dimensional construction path of “government guidance, university-local linkage, institutional coordination and youth participation” from the dimensions of resource integration, model innovation, capacity building, institutional guarantee and risk prevention and control, and clarifies the specific implementation directions. It provides theoretical references and practical schemes for resolving the contradiction between supply and demand of elderly care services, promoting the integrated development of university towns and communities, and realizing the sustainable development of intergenerational integrated elderly care volunteer service in university towns.