数字时代休息权重构：从离线自由到算法共治

Rest Weight Reconstruction in the Digital Age: From Offline Freedom to Algorithmic Co-Governance

摘要: 数字经济的蓬勃发展推动平台用工模式深度普及，算法管理的泛化使劳动者休息权陷入时间边界模糊、侵害方式隐蔽、救济路径不畅的三重困境。现有研究围绕休息权的法理基础、平台用工的法律定性及算法规制路径形成多元争议，但仍存在制度设计碎片化、公私法衔接不足的局限。本文以宪法层面的基本权利保障为逻辑起点，重构数字时代休息权时间疆域、自主支配、生活安宁的三维内涵，通过梳理平台用工中休息权保护的四大核心矛盾，借鉴欧盟与美国的差异化规制经验，结合我国用工实践，提出立法基准划定底线、算法共治优化过程、救济衔接保障落地的三维共治路径。研究旨在突破传统劳动法的主体局限，破解算法控制下的休息权侵害难题，为新就业形态劳动者权益保障及劳动法现代化提供理论支撑与实践指引。

Abstract: The vigorous development of the digital economy has led to the widespread popularity of platform employment models. The extensive application of algorithmic management has plunged workers’ right to rest into a triple dilemma: blurred time boundaries, covert infringements and inadequate remedy channels. Existing studies have sparked diverse debates over the legal basis of the right to rest, the legal definition of platform employment and approaches to algorithmic regulation, yet they are still constrained by fragmented institutional design and insufficient coordination between public and private laws. Starting from the protection of fundamental rights stipulated in the Constitution, this paper reconstructs the three-dimensional connotation of the right to rest in the digital age, namely temporal scope, independent disposition and peaceful life. By sorting out four core contradictions in the protection of the right to rest under platform employment, drawing on differentiated regulatory experiences of the EU and the United States, and combining with China’s employment practices, it proposes a three-dimensional collaborative governance path: setting bottom-line norms through legislation, optimizing operational processes via algorithmic co-governance, and ensuring effective implementation through coordinated remedies. This research aims to break through the subject limitations of traditional labor law, address infringements upon the right to rest under algorithmic control, and provide theoretical support and practical guidance for protecting the rights and interests of workers in new forms of employment and promoting the modernization of labor law.