保险科技驱动保险业数字化转型的内在逻辑、现实困境与优化路径

The Internal Logic, Practical Challenges, and Optimization Pathways of the Digital Transformation of the Insurance Industry Driven by Insurance Technology

摘要: 保险科技的快速发展正在深刻重构保险业的底层逻辑与运行范式。本文系统地探讨了保险科技驱动保险业数字化转型的内在逻辑、现实困境与优化路径。研究发现，保险科技通过四个维度推动保险业转型。这四个维度分别是数据要素化、运营智能化、产品精准化与服务生态化。它推动保险业实现系统性跃迁，这种跃迁表现为：从经验判断到智能决策，从人工流程到自动闭环，从标准合约到动态方案，从单次理赔到全程风险管理。但转型过程中也面临现实困境，这些困境包括：数据孤岛与治理滞后，组织惯性固化与人才短缺，技术复杂性与合规成本攀升，以及中小机构转型能力不足。为此，应从多个方面协同发力：一是强化顶层制度设计，二是构建开放数据生态，三是系统培育复合型人才，四是推动差异化转型路径，五是完善监管科技体系。通过这些措施，构建多方共赢的数字化保险新生态。本文为理解保险科技赋能机制提供了系统性的分析框架，也为推动保险业高质量发展提供了理论支撑与实践参考。

Abstract: The rapid development of insurance technology is profoundly reshaping the underlying logic and operational paradigm of the insurance industry. This paper systematically discusses the internal logic, practical difficulties, and optimization paths of insurance technology driven digital transformation. The study shows that insurance technology promotes the transformation of the insurance industry through four dimensions. These dimensions are data elementization, operational intelligence, product precision, and service ecosystem development. It drives a systemic shift in the industry. This shift is reflected in the transition from experience based judgment to intelligent decision making, from manual processes to automated closed loops, from standard contracts to dynamic solutions, and from single claim settlement to full cycle risk management. However, the transformation process also faces practical difficulties. These difficulties include data silos and lagging governance, rigid organizational inertia and talent shortages, technological complexity and rising compliance costs, as well as insufficient transformation capabilities of small and medium sized institutions. To address these issues, coordinated efforts should be made in several areas. The first area is to strengthen the top level institutional design. The second area is to build an open data ecosystem. The third area is to systematically cultivate interdisciplinary talents. The fourth area is to promote differentiated transformation paths. The fifth area is to improve the regulatory technology system. Through these measures, a multi win digital insurance ecosystem can be built. This paper provides a systematic analytical framework for understanding the enabling mechanism of insurance technology. It also offers theoretical support and practical reference for promoting the high quality development of the insurance industry.