基于文献分析的初中生物核心素养研究现状、热点与趋势分析

The Study of Research Status, Hotspots and Trends of Core Literacy in Junior High School Biology Based on Literature Analysis

摘要: 核心素养是当前基础教育改革的核心议题。为了厘清国内初中生物核心素养领域的学术进展与研究脉络，本研究基于中国知网(CNKI)数据库，选取2015年至2025年间发表的414篇有效文献作为样本，运用CiteSpace科学计量软件进行可视化分析。研究发现，该领域研究历程可分为萌芽探索、快速发展和沉淀调整三个阶段，其变化与《普通高中生物学课程标准(2017年版)》及《义务教育生物学课程标准(2022年版)》的颁布实施密切相关。高等师范院校是主要研究力量，但机构间与作者间合作较为分散，尚未形成紧密的学术共同体。当前研究热点主要集中在核心素养内涵解读、教学策略创新、实验教学改革及科学思维培养等方面。趋势分析表明，近年来研究热点逐渐向“社会责任”、“校本课程”、“智慧课堂”和“科学探究”等主题迁移。

Abstract: Core competencies represent a central theme in current basic education reform. To clarify academic progress and research trajectories within the field of core competencies in junior high school biology education in China, this study utilized the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. A sample of 414 valid publications from 2015 to 2025 was selected and analyzed using CiteSpace scientific measurement software for visualization. Findings reveal that research in this field has progressed through three distinct phases: initial exploration, rapid development, and consolidation and adjustment. These shifts are closely tied to the promulgation and implementation of the General High School Biology Curriculum Standards (2017 Edition) and the Compulsory Education Biology Curriculum Standards (2022 Edition). Higher normal institutions serve as the primary research force, though collaboration between institutions and authors remains fragmented, with no tightly knit academic community yet formed. Current research hotspots primarily focus on interpreting the essence of core competencies, innovating teaching strategies, reforming experimental instruction, and cultivating scientific thinking. Trend analysis indicates that recent research interests have gradually shifted toward themes such as “social responsibility,” “school-based curricula,” “smart classrooms,” and “scientific inquiry.”