快通道外科护理对老年髋部骨折患者围手术期护理的影响

The Impact of Fast-Track SurgicalNursing on Perioperative Care forElderly Patients with Hip Fractures

摘要: 目的：探讨快通道外科护理模式在老年髋部骨折患者围手术期护理中的应用效果。方法：选取2024年10月至2025年10月新疆医科大学第六附属医院创伤骨一科收治的70例老年髋部骨折手术患者，采用随机数字表法分为观察组(快通道外科护理)和对照组(常规护理)，每组各35例。比较两组患者护理前后的焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)及Harris髋关节功能评分(HHS)，并统计围手术期并发症发生情况。结果：护理前，两组SAS、SDS、VAS及HHS评分差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。护理后，观察组SAS (43.2 ± 3.7)、SDS (43.8 ± 3.1)、VAS (2.5 ± 1.2)评分均低于对照组(51.9 ± 4.9、51.3 ± 4.2、4.8 ± 1.7)，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.001)；观察组HHS评分(76.4 ± 6.8)高于对照组(60.2 ± 5.8)，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.001)；观察组并发症总发生率为2.9%，低于对照组的17.1%，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：快通道外科护理模式可有效缓解老年髋部骨折患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪，减轻术后疼痛，促进髋关节功能恢复，降低并发症发生率，值得在创伤外科临床护理中推广应用。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the application effect of fast track surgery nursing model in perioperative care of elderly patients with hip fracture. Methods: A total of 70 elderly patients with hip fracture who were hospitalized in the First Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from October 2024 to October 2025 were selected and randomly divided into observation group (fast track surgery nursing) and control group (routine nursing), with 35 cases in each group. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Harris Hip Score (HHS) were compared between the two groups before and after nursing, and the incidence of perioperative complications was recorded. Results: Before nursing, there were no significant differences in SAS, SDS, VAS and HHS scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). After nursing, the SAS (43.2 ± 3.7), SDS (43.8 ± 3.1) and VAS (2.5 ± 1.2) scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (51.9 ± 4.9, 51.3 ± 4.2, 4.8 ± 1.7), with statistical significance (P < 0.001); the HHS score in the observation group (76.4 ± 6.8) was significantly higher than that in the control group (60.2 ± 5.8), with statistical significance (P < 0.001); the total incidence of complications in the observation group was 2.9%, which was significantly lower than 17.1% in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The fast track surgery nursing model can effectively alleviate anxiety and depression, reduce postoperative pain, promote the recovery of hip joint function, and reduce the incidence of complications in elderly patients with hip fracture, which is worthy of clinical application in traumatic orthopedics nursing.