专利权利要求解释规则适用研究

Application of Interpretation Rules of Patent Claims

摘要: 为划定权利保护范围的方式，权利要求解释在司法实践中是不可回避的焦点问题，专利法及相关司法解释对其做出了一系列规定，这些规定来源于实践经验的总结，也发挥着指导权利要求解释实践的重要作用，但目前学界针对司法实践中权利要求解释规则适用情况的实证研究较少，多数结合司法实践的理论研究只是对实践案例进行个别分析。随着科技的发展进步，各国对专利的关注点已由专利申请的数量转向专利发明的质量，“专利丛林”现象的出现也引发了社会各界对专利法激励创新功能的质疑，在这样的背景下，对权利要求解释规则在司法实践中的相关案例进行整理分析，了解我国权利要求解释规则适用的现状，明确解释规则适用中存在的问题，在分析问题原因的基础上提出权利要求解释规则的完善建议在理论和实践上均具有重要价值。

Abstract: As a means of defining the scope of right protection, claim interpretation constitutes an unavoidable focal issue in judicial practice. The Patent Law and relevant judicial interpretations have formulated a series of provisions in this regard. Derived from the summary of practical experience, these provisions also play a vital role in guiding the practice of claim interpretation. Nevertheless, there are relatively few empirical studies in academic circles on the application of claim interpretation rules in judicial practice, and most theoretical researches combined with judicial practice merely conduct individual analysis on specific cases. With the advancement of science and technology, the focus of various countries on patents has shifted from the quantity of patent applications to the quality of patented inventions. The emergence of the “patent thicket” phenomenon has also triggered doubts from all sectors of society about the innovation incentive function of the Patent Law. Against this backdrop, sorting out and analyzing relevant judicial cases concerning the application of claim interpretation rules, clarifying the current status and existing problems in the application of such rules, and putting forward suggestions for improving claim interpretation rules on the basis of cause analysis are of important theoretical and practical value.