新质生产力驱动林业特色产业与农民增收研究——以大连大樱桃产业为例

Research on Forestry Characteristic Industries and Farmers’ Income Growth Driven by New Quality Productive Forces—A Case Study of Dalian Cherry Industry

摘要: 在乡村振兴战略深入推进和农业高质量发展背景下，如何依托新质生产力推动特色农业与经济林产业升级，进而实现农民持续增收，已成为当前农业农村现代化建设中的重要课题。新质生产力以科技创新为核心，以数字技术、智能装备、现代物流和绿色发展为重要支撑，能够有效突破传统农业生产方式效率较低、产业链条较短、市场竞争力不足等问题。大连大樱桃属于典型林果经济林品类，产业具备鲜明的地域特色和较高的市场认可度，是大连特色农业与林业的重要组成部分。近年来，随着设施农业、数字农业、冷链物流、电商直播和品牌建设等新型生产要素的不断融入，大连大樱桃产业逐渐由传统种植模式向现代化、数字化、品牌化方向转型，并在提高农业生产效率、拓宽销售渠道、增强产品附加值和促进农民收入增长等方面发挥了积极作用。本文以大连大樱桃产业为研究对象，在梳理新质生产力内涵的基础上，分析其驱动特色农业及经济林产业升级并促进农民增收的作用机制，进一步探讨大连大樱桃产业发展过程中存在的问题，并提出优化路径。研究认为，新质生产力通过科技创新提升果品质量，通过数字技术改善生产管理方式，通过冷链物流拓展市场半径，通过电商平台减少流通环节，通过品牌建设提高市场溢价，从而推动大樱桃产业价值链提升和农民收入增长。未来，大连应继续加强农业与林果科技创新能力建设，完善数字农业基础设施，延伸大樱桃产业链条，提升区域品牌影响力，培育新型职业农民，以实现特色农业与经济林产业高质量发展和农民持续增收。

Abstract: Against the background of the in-depth advancement of the rural revitalization strategy and the high-quality development of agriculture, how to rely on new quality productive forces to promote the upgrading of characteristic agriculture and economic forest industries and realize the sustained increase of farmers’ income has become an important topic in the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Centered on scientific and technological innovation and supported by digital technology, intelligent equipment, modern logistics and green development, new quality productive forces can effectively solve the drawbacks of traditional agriculture such as low production efficiency, short industrial chains and weak market competitiveness. As a typical fruit-based economic forest product, Dalian sweet cherry industry features distinct regional characteristics and high market recognition, and serves as an important part of characteristic agriculture and forestry in Dalian. In recent years, with the integration of new production factors including protected agriculture, digital agriculture, cold chain logistics, live-streaming e-commerce and brand building, the local sweet cherry industry has gradually transformed from traditional planting mode to modernized, digitalized and branded operation, which has effectively improved agricultural production efficiency, expanded sales channels, increased product added value and boosted farmers’ income. Taking Dalian sweet cherry industry as the research object, this paper sorts out the connotation of new quality productive forces, analyzes its mechanism of driving the upgrading of characteristic agriculture and economic forest industries and increasing farmers’ income, discusses the existing problems in industrial development, and puts forward targeted optimization paths. The research shows that new quality productive forces improve fruit quality through scientific and technological innovation, optimize production and management via digital technology, expand market coverage relying on cold chain logistics, cut down circulation links with e-commerce platforms, and raise market premium through brand construction, so as to enhance the value chain of sweet cherry industry and increase farmers’ income. In the future, Dalian should further strengthen scientific and technological innovation in agriculture and fruit forestry, improve digital agricultural infrastructure, extend the industrial chain of sweet cherry, enhance regional brand influence and foster new-type professional farmers, so as to realize the high-quality development of characteristic agriculture and economic forest industries as well as the sustained growth of farmers’ income.