综合护理干预对初产妇产后抑郁及生活质量的影响研究

Study on the Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention on Postpartum Depression and Quality of Life in Primiparas

摘要: 目的：探讨综合护理干预模式在预防初产妇产后抑郁(PPD)及改善其产后生活质量中的应用效果。方法：选取2023年1月至2024年1月在我院产科分娩的78例初产妇作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组，每组39例。对照组给予产科常规护理，观察组在此基础上实施包括心理疏导、健康教育、社会支持及延续性护理在内的综合护理干预。采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)和生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)对两组产妇进行评估。结果：干预前两组EPDS评分差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)；出院后6周，观察组EPDS评分为(8.12 ± 2.15)分，显著低于对照组的(11.45 ± 2.89)分(P < 0.05)。观察组在躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能维度的生活质量评分均显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)。结论：综合护理干预能有效降低初产妇产后抑郁的发生风险，显著提高产妇的心理状态及生活质量，值得在临床推广。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on preventing postpartum depression (PPD) and improving the quality of life in primiparas. Methods: A total of 78 primiparas who delivered in our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 39 cases in each group. The control group received routine obstetric nursing, while the observation group received comprehensive nursing intervention, including psychological counseling, health education, social support, and continuing nursing. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) were used to evaluate the outcomes. Results: Before intervention, there was no significant difference in EPDS scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). Six weeks after discharge, the EPDS score of the observation group was (8.12 ± 2.15), which was significantly lower than that of the control group (11.45 ± 2.89) (P < 0.05). The scores of physical function, psychological function, and social function in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively reduce the risk of postpartum depression in primiparas and significantly improve their psychological status and quality of life, which is worthy of clinical promotion.