数字经济背景下福鼎白茶产业升级与可持续发展研究

A Study on the Industrial Upgrading and Sustainable Development of the Fuding White Tea Industry in the Context of the Digital Economy

摘要: 本研究选取福建福鼎白茶全产业链为样本，结合数字经济与特色农业现代化深度融合的时代背景，梳理其生态禀赋、产业规模与数字化实践情况。福鼎凭借太姥山高山生态与白茶非遗工艺形成竞争优势，全域白茶溯源平台已落地，但产业尚存精深加工薄弱、仓储冷链布局不均、各主体数据割裂、茶农与中小茶企数字素养偏低、茶旅数字化融合层次较浅等结构性问题。据此构建四维数字化升级路径：完善智慧茶园物联网与智能仓储冷链基建；搭建县级白茶产业数据中枢平台盘活数据资源；推动种植、流通、加工、文旅营销全链条数字化改造；分层培育数字技能人才与复合型茶业人才。同时从政策标准、政产学研协同、多元资金供给、动态量化评估四方面建立长效保障体系，为东南地区地理标志茶产业数字化转型提供实践参考，达成产业增效、茶农增收、生态低碳、非遗传承协同发展的可持续目标。

Abstract: This study takes the entire industrial chain of Fuding white tea in Fujian as its case study. Against the backdrop of the deep integration of the digital economy and the modernization of specialized agriculture, it examines the region’s ecological endowments, industrial scale and digitalization practices. Fuding has established a competitive advantage through the high-altitude ecosystem of Mount Taimu and the intangible cultural heritage craftsmanship of white tea production. Whilst a region-wide white tea traceability platform has been implemented, the industry still faces structural challenges, including weaknesses in value-added processing, an uneven distribution of warehousing and cold-chain infrastructure, fragmented data across different stakeholders, low digital literacy among tea farmers and small-to-medium-sized tea enterprises, and a superficial level of digital integration between tea production and tourism. Accordingly, a four-dimensional digital upgrade pathway has been established: improving the Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure for smart tea gardens and intelligent warehousing and cold-chain facilities; establishing a county-level data hub for the white tea industry to revitalize data resources; promoting digital transformation across the entire value chain—from cultivation and distribution to processing and cultural tourism marketing; cultivating digital skills talent and multi-skilled tea industry professionals at various levels; and providing supporting digital policies and green finance support. Concurrently, a long-term support system will be established across four dimensions—policy standards, collaboration between government, industry, academia and research, diversified funding sources, and dynamic quantitative assessment—to provide a practical reference for the digital transformation of the geographical indication tea industry in the south-eastern region, thereby achieving the sustainable objectives of enhanced industrial efficiency, increased income for tea farmers, an ecological and low-carbon approach, and the preservation of intangible cultural heritage.