纽马克翻译理论视角下《红楼梦》“好了歌”维吾尔语翻译研究

Translation of Haoliao Ge from A Dream of Red Mansions Based on Newmark’s Translation Theory in Uygur

摘要: 本研究以《红楼梦》开篇核心诗词《好了歌》的维吾尔语译本为研究对象，结合关于文化建设的“创造性转化、创新性发展”理念以及纽马克翻译理论，探讨中华经典文学作品在少数民族语言翻译过程中的文化传递问题。在理论应用方面，研究验证了纽马克“语义翻译”与“交际翻译”策略在民族语言翻译实践中的适用性。针对文化负载词，本文着重分析诗歌维译过程中是否实现了“语言准确性”与“文化适应性”之间的平衡。在句法与韵律转换层面，译文一方面通过语义翻译保留原诗的排比结构、反问语气等形式特征；另一方面，采取交际翻译策略，适应维吾尔语作为黏着语的语法特性及其诗歌韵律习惯，使译文在传达原作哲理深度的同时，兼具目标语文化语境下的可读性与感染力。在文化传递层面，本研究进一步凸显了中华经典翻译所具有的重要意义。

Abstract: Taking the Uygur translated version of Haoliao Ge, the core introductory poem of A Dream of Red Mansions, as the research object, this paper integrates the principles of creative transformation and innovative development for cultural development together with Newmark’s translation theory to explore the cultural transmission in translating Chinese classical literary works into minority languages of China. In terms of theoretical application, this study verifies the applicability of Newmark’s semantic translation and communicative translation strategies to the practice of ethnic minority language translation. Focusing on culture-loaded words, the paper analyzes whether a balance between linguistic accuracy and cultural adaptability is achieved in the Uygur translation of the poem. At the syntactic and prosodic level, the target text retains formal features of the original such as parallel structures and rhetorical questions via semantic translation; meanwhile, communicative translation is adopted to accommodate the agglutinative grammatical features of Uygur and its poetic norms. As a result, the translated poem conveys the philosophical profundity of the original while guaranteeing readability and appeal within the target cultural context. From the perspective of cultural communication, this research further highlights the vital role of translating Chinese classics in consolidating the sense of community for the Chinese nation.