语言学交叉教学视域下泾源方言单字调声学研究

An Acoustic Analysis of Individual Tones in the Jingyuan Dialect for Interdisciplinary Linguistic Education

摘要: 本文以语言学交叉教学与汉语声调发音训练为背景，采用实验语音学方法，对宁夏固原市泾源县方言单字调的声学特征进行分析。研究利用Praat提取声调负载段的基频和时长数据，并结合T值归一化与五度值换算归纳调型和调值。结果表明，泾源方言单字调可分为阴平[41]、阳平[35]、上声[52]、去声[55]四个调类；各调类在基频走势和调域分布上差异明显，基频是区分声调的主要声学参数，时长具有辅助说明作用。研究进一步表明，声调实验能够将音高升降、调域差异和发音时长转化为可视化曲线与量化数据，为声调听辨、发音纠正和教学反馈提供客观依据。本文可为泾源方言声调描写、宁夏方言比较研究以及实验语音学辅助汉语声调教学提供参考。

Abstract: This paper examines the acoustic characteristics of monosyllabic tones in the Jingyuan dialect of Guyuan City, Ningxia, within the context of interdisciplinary linguistic education and Chinese tone training. Using Praat, it extracts F0 and duration data from tone-bearing segments, and applies T-value normalization and five-degree tone conversion. The results show four tone categories: Yinping [41], Yangping [35], Shangsheng [52], and Qusheng [55]. The tones differ mainly in F0 trajectory and pitch range, while duration plays a supplementary role. By visualizing pitch movement and quantifying tonal contrast, tone experiments provide objective support for tone perception, pronunciation correction, and teaching feedback. The findings can inform dialect description, Ningxia dialect comparison, and experimental-phonetic tone instruction.