交际翻译理论视角下小说文本翻译研究——以《活着》为例

A Study of Novel Translation in Communicative Translation Theory—A Case Study of To Live

摘要: 在全球化进程中，文化交流日益频繁，文学作品的跨语言传播成为关键。小说作为文化的深度载体，其翻译质量影响深远。交际翻译理论为小说翻译提供科学指导，助力中国小说走向世界舞台，提升文化软实力，增进全球读者对中国文化的理解与认同，推动文化全球化发展。本文从交际翻译理论的视角深入探讨小说翻译领域，重点聚焦著名小说《活着》。本论文采用了比较法、文献法和观察法。研究首先对小说的特点进行详细分析，涵盖词汇丰富性、句法结构，尤其关注使故事融入中国语境的文化负载词元素。随后，追溯交际翻译理论的演变，阐释其关键原则和发展轨迹。在应用部分，对小说《活着》的翻译进行了细致考察。本文在交际翻译理论的指导下，着重分析小说《活着》英译本。本文研究对小说文本的翻译提供一定参考，以期将更多中国优秀小说作品带给世界读者。

Abstract: In the context of globalization, cultural exchanges have been increasingly prevalent, making the cross-linguistic dissemination of literary works of utmost significance. Novels, as profound cultural vehicles, play a vital role in cultural communication, and the quality of their translations has a far-reaching influence. Communicative translation theory offers scientific guidance for novel translation, which is conducive to promoting Chinese novels onto the global stage, enhancing cultural soft power, and fostering global readers’ understanding and recognition of Chinese culture, thus facilitating the development of cultural globalization. This paper undertakes an in-depth exploration of novel translation from the perspective of communicative translation theory, with a particular focus on the renowned novel “To Live”. In this research, the comparative method, the literature review method, and the observational method are employed. Firstly, a detailed analysis of the features of the novel “To Live” is conducted, encompassing aspects such as lexical abundance, syntactic structures. Special attention is given to the culture-loaded words that root the story in the Chinese context, which are crucial elements making the story distinctively Chinese. Subsequently, the evolution of communicative translation theory is traced, and its key principles and developmental path are expounded. In the application section, the translation of the novel “To Live” is meticulously examined, delving into how the translation strategies deal with the various elements analyzed previously. Guided by communicative translation theory, this paper focuses on the analysis of the English translation of “To Live”. This research provides valuable references for the translation of novel texts, aiming to introduce more excellent Chinese novels to readers around the world.