纽马克语义翻译与交际翻译理论视角下双译本翻译技巧批评与赏析——以《In Memoriam: Rena C. Hayden》为例

Translation Criticism and Appreciation of Translation Techniques in Two Chinese Versions from the Perspective of Newmark’s Semantic Translation and Communicative Translation Theory—A Case Study of “In Memoriam: Rena C. Hayden”

摘要: 本文研究了英文散文In Memoriam: Rena C. Hayden及其两个中文译本，基于纽马克的语义翻译与交际翻译理论，通过对词语选择、句法结构、文体语气与人物形象方面的翻译对比分析，探讨不同翻译策略、翻译技巧在散文翻译中的适用性及其对译文效果的影响。研究发现，孙致礼译本更趋向语义翻译，注重忠实呈现原文的语义细节与叙述风格；李明译本更倾向交际翻译，译文更口语化、生动化，但偶有过度诠释甚至偏离原文风格之处。不同翻译技巧在散文译介中呈现出各自优势与局限，其选择应基于文本类型、读者期待与文化语境。本文旨在为散文类文本的翻译实践提供参考。

Abstract: This paper studies the English prose “In Memoriam: Rena C. Hayden” and its two Chinese translations. Based on Peter Newmark’s semantic translation and communicative translation theories, it explores the applicability of different translation strategies and techniques in prose translation and their impacts on the translation effect through the analysis of lexical selection, syntactic structure, stylistic tone, and character images in translation. The findings show that Sun Zhili’s translation tends to adopt semantic translation, focusing on faithfully presenting the semantic details and narrative style of the original text. By contrast, Li Ming’s translation leans more towards communicative translation, featuring a more colloquial and vivid language, though it occasionally involves over-interpretation and even deviates from the style of the original work. Different translation techniques exhibit their respective advantages and limitations in prose translation, and the selection of translation techniques should be based on the text type, reader expectations and cultural context. This paper aims to provide a reference for the translation of prose texts.