补骨脂素药理活性研究进展

Progress in Pharmacological Activity Research of Psoralen

摘要: 补骨脂素(Psoralen)是一种天然线性呋喃香豆素类化合物，主要来源于补骨脂(Psoralea corylifolia L.)种子，也广泛存在于多种植物中。近年来，补骨脂素因其广泛的药理活性受到广泛关注。本文系统综述了补骨脂素的抗骨质疏松、抗肿瘤、抗抑郁、抗微生物、抗炎、雌激素样、神经保护、抗氧化及保肝等药理作用及其分子机制，同时总结了其药代动力学特征与安全性(肝毒性、胚胎毒性)。补骨脂素通过调控BMP/Smad、MAPK、Wnt/β-catenin、NF-κB、内质网应激、5-HT能系统及HPA轴等多条信号通路发挥生物效应。然而，其肝毒性等问题限制了临床转化。本文旨在为补骨脂素的进一步研究与开发利用提供参考。

Abstract: Psoralen is a naturally occurring linear furanocoumarin compound primarily derived from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. and widely present in various plants. In recent years, psoralen has received extensive attention due to its broad pharmacological activities. This article systematically reviews the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of psoralen, including anti-osteoporosis, anti-tumor, antidepressant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, estrogen-like, neuroprotective, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities. Meanwhile, its pharmacokinetic properties and safety profiles (hepatotoxicity, embryotoxicity) are also summarized. Psoralen exerts its biological effects by regulating multiple signaling pathways such as BMP/Smad, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, endoplasmic reticulum stress, the serotonergic system, and the HPA axis. However, issues such as hepatotoxicity and phototoxicity limit its clinical translation. This review aims to provide a reference for further research, development, and utilization of psoralen.