基于“生产–生活–生态”框架的耕地多功能评价及时空特征研究——黄河流域济宁段为例

Research on Multi-Functional Evaluation and Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Cultivated Land Based on the “Production-Living-Ecological” Framework—A Case Study of the Jining Section of the Yellow River Basin

摘要: 面向黄河流域生态保护与区域可持续发展的现实需求，针对既有研究侧重耕地生产功能、对生活与生态维度的综合评估较为薄弱的不足，以黄河流域济宁段为案例区，基于2005~2020年县域尺度数据，构建“生产–生活–生态”(PLE)三维评价框架，运用层次分析法与综合指数模型，评价耕地多功能水平，解析其时空演变特征。结果表明：2005~2020年，济宁市耕地生产功能由0.312增至0.428，生活功能由0.186升至0.512，生态功能由0.532升至0.634，综合功能由0.343升至0.525；空间上呈“西高东低”格局，西部平原区生产与生活功能明显优于东部丘陵区；自然地理条件、农业产业化路径、城镇化发展及政府政策共同塑造了上述分布格局。研究结果可为济宁段耕地差异化管理及黄河流域类似区域提供参考。

Abstract: Against the needs of ecological protection and sustainable development in the Yellow River Basin, existing studies have paid insufficient attention to the comprehensive assessment of living and ecological functions while focusing mainly on the productive function of cultivated land. Taking the Jining section of the Yellow River Basin as the study area, this paper constructs a three-dimensional evaluation framework of “Production-Living-Ecological” (PLE) functions based on county-scale data from 2005 to 2020. The spatiotemporal evolution characteristics are analyzed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and comprehensive index model. The results show that from 2005 to 2020, the productive function increased from 0.312 to 0.428, the living function from 0.186 to 0.512, the ecological function from 0.532 to 0.634, and the comprehensive function from 0.343 to 0.525. Spatially, the overall pattern presents a “high in the west and low in the east” characteristic. The productive and living functions in the western plain are significantly superior to those in the eastern hilly region. The above spatial-temporal pattern is jointly shaped by physical geography, agricultural industrialization, urbanization and government policies. The results can provide a reference for differentiated management of cultivated land in the Jining section and similar regions in the Yellow River Basin.