语言适应研究五十年：语言发展与社会语境的适应

Fifty Years of Language Accommodation Research: Language Development and Adaptation to Social Contexts

摘要: 语言适应理论发轫于20世纪70年代，主要探讨的是个体在社会交往中如何通过调整自身的语言行为来适应交际对象、场景。本文梳理了该理论的发展脉络、核心概念跟应用领域，讨论被引入中国后做了何种研究，取得了何种成就。本文探究了国内现有研究成果多立足于城市化进程、人口流动、少数民族语言以及外语教育等领域，从中可知语言适应在社会融入与身份认同中的复杂过程。文章最后指出语言适应理论在中国语境下进行的方法论创新与研究视角上面临的困境，并对其未来的发展趋势等进行展望。

Abstract: The theory of language accommodation originated in the 1970s, primarily exploring how individuals adjust their own language behaviors to adapt to interlocutors and contexts in social interactions. This paper reviews the developmental trajectory, core concepts, and application fields of the theory, and discusses the research conducted and achievements made since its introduction into China. It explores that existing domestic research findings are mostly based on domains such as urbanization processes, population mobility, minority languages, and foreign language education, revealing the complex processes of language accommodation in social integration and identity construction. The article finally points out the dilemmas faced in methodological innovation and research perspectives regarding language accommodation theory within the Chinese context, and offers prospects for its future development trends.