语料库视角下“但(是)”在儿童文学文本中的维译规律研究

A Corpus-Based Study on the Uyghur Translation Patterns of “but” in Children’s Literature Texts

摘要: 本文以殷健灵儿童文学长篇小说《天上的船》汉维双语平行语料为研究对象，采用语料库方法，在重转与轻转的语义框架下，对转折连词“但(是)”的维译对应形式进行分类统计与对比分析。研究显示，99条语料中“但是”的语义类型以轻转为主，重转为辅，维译对应形式可归纳为显性转折连词与隐性翻译策略两大类。其维译规律呈现“语义匹配 + 语境适配”的特征：轻转句优先选用转折意味温和的lekin，重转句倾向语义对立的emma；转用让步结构集中于重转句，通过条件式加语气词mu将让步转折逻辑内化于从句形态变化之中；消除转折语义主要分布于轻转句，通过将表层转折重构为因果或并列结构，使译文更贴合维吾尔语的表达习惯。

Abstract: This paper takes Yin Jianling’s long children’s literature novel “The Ship in the Sky” bilingual corpus in Chinese and Uyghur as the research object. Using a corpus-based approach, it classifies, counts, and comparatively analyzes the Uyghur translation correspondences of the adversative conjunction “but” under the semantic frameworks of strong and weak shift. The study shows that among 99 valid data instances, the semantic type of “but” is mainly a weak shift, with strong shift as a secondary type. The Uyghur translation correspondences can be summarized into two categories: explicit adversative conjunctions and implicit translation strategies. The translation pattern exhibits the characteristics of “semantic matching and contextual adaptation”: weak-shift sentences preferentially use “lekin”, which conveys a mild adversative meaning, while strong-shift sentences tend to use “emma”, which conveys a semantic opposition; the use of concessive structures is concentrated in strong-shift sentences, internalizing the concessive-adversative logic into clause morphology by employing conditional forms with the particle “mu”; the elimination of adversative semantics is mainly distributed in weak-shift sentences, reconstructing the surface adversative into causal or coordinate structures to make the translation more in line with Uyghur expression habits.