STX1A介导的膜运输异常在肿瘤进展及治疗抵抗中的研究进展
Research Progress on STX1A-Mediated Membrane Trafficking Abnormalities in Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1672733, PDF,   
作者: 钟耀权：赣南医科大学第一临床医学院，江西 赣州；刘清泉：赣南医科大学第一附属医院肝胆胰外科，江西 赣州
关键词: STX1A；SNARE复合物；肿瘤发生发展；侵袭转移；细胞外囊泡；STX1A； SNARE Complex； Tumorigenesis and Tumor Development； Invasion and Metastasis； Extracellular Vesicles
摘要: STX1A (syntaxin-1A)是syntaxin家族的重要成员，属于膜相关Q-SNARE蛋白，参与SNARE复合体装配、囊泡对接、膜融合及受调控胞吐等过程。近年来研究表明，STX1A不仅参与神经系统及分泌相关组织的生理性膜运输过程，还在多种恶性肿瘤中呈异常表达，并可能与肿瘤细胞增殖、侵袭转移、细胞外囊泡分泌、应激代谢适应、化疗耐受及预后评估等过程相关。现有证据提示，STX1A有望成为反映肿瘤分泌表型、治疗反应及临床结局的候选分子，但其作用机制、癌种特异性差异及临床转化价值仍有待进一步阐明。本文围绕STX1A的分子结构与生物学功能，系统综述其在肿瘤发生发展中的研究进展，重点讨论其在肿瘤增殖、侵袭转移、细胞外囊泡分泌、应激代谢调控及治疗耐药中的潜在作用，并对其作为生物标志物和治疗靶点的应用前景进行展望。
Abstract: STX1A (syntaxin-1A), a key member of the syntaxin family and a membrane-associated Q-SNARE protein, participates in SNARE complex assembly, vesicle docking, membrane fusion, and regulated exocytosis. Recent studies have shown that STX1A is not only involved in physiological membrane trafficking in the nervous system and secretion-related tissues but is also aberrantly expressed in various malignancies, potentially correlating with tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, extracellular vesicle secretion, stress metabolic adaptation, chemoresistance, and prognostic evaluation. Current evidence suggests that STX1A may serve as a candidate molecule reflecting tumor secretory phenotypes, therapeutic responses, and clinical outcomes; however, its mechanisms of action, cancer-type-specific differences, and clinical translational value remain to be further elucidated. This review systematically summarizes the research progress on STX1A in tumorigenesis and tumor development, focusing on its molecular structure and biological functions, with emphasis on its potential roles in tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis, extracellular vesicle secretion, stress metabolic regulation, and therapy resistance. The prospects of STX1A as a biomarker and therapeutic target are also discussed.
文章引用：钟耀权, 刘清泉. STX1A介导的膜运输异常在肿瘤进展及治疗抵抗中的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(7): 2053-2062. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1672733

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