基于摩擦电传感器的盲文输入系统设计

Design of Braille Input System Based on Triboelectric Sensors

摘要: 传统盲文输入设备存在体积庞大、操作繁琐、便携性差等缺陷，难以适配信息化时代视障群体即时沟通与信息交互的需求。本文结合垂直接触分离式摩擦纳米发电机工作原理，设计一套以摩擦电传感器为核心的盲文输入系统。系统采用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)薄膜与铜电极构建传感单元，精准捕捉盲文点位按压产生的微弱机械信号并转化为电信号，依托STM32主控芯片完成信号采集、逻辑解析与数据转换，搭配OLED显示、语音播报模块及LabVIEW上位机，实现盲文到电子文本的实时转换。经测试，该摩擦电传感器灵敏度达0.95 V/Hz，最大非线性误差仅0.29 V。在系统级盲文输入应用中，26个英文字母的综合识别准确率达98.5%。本研究可为视障群体提供轻量化、高适配性的人机交互方案，助力视障人群融入数字化社会。

Abstract: Traditional braille input devices suffer from bulky size, complicated operation and poor portability, failing to meet the needs of visually impaired people for real-time communication and information interaction in the information age. Based on the working principle of vertical contact-separation triboelectric nanogenerators, this paper designs a braille input system with triboelectric sensors as the core. The sensing units of the system are fabricated using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films and copper electrodes, which can accurately capture the weak mechanical signals generated by pressing braille dots and convert them into electrical signals. With the STM32 main control chip responsible for signal acquisition, logical analysis and data conversion, and equipped with an OLED display module, a voice broadcast module and a LabVIEW upper computer, the system realizes the real-time conversion from braille to electronic text. Tests show that the triboelectric sensor achieves a sensitivity of 0.95 V/Hz with a maximum nonlinear error of merely 0.29 V. In system-level braille input tests, the overall recognition accuracy for the 26 English letters reaches 98.5%. This research provides a lightweight and highly adaptable human-computer interaction solution for the visually impaired, helping them better integrate into the digital society.