爆破片开启后膜片形态对氢气流动影响

Rupture Disc Deformation after Opening and Its Effect on Hydrogen Flow

摘要: 为研究爆破片开启后不同膜片形态对高压氢气管路内稳态流动特性的影响，建立了膜片开启45˚、65˚、75˚和无膜片四种模型，并在相同边界条件和求解设置下进行数值模拟。结果表明，流场变化主要集中在中部过渡区域。与无膜片模型相比，45˚、65˚和75˚模型中心区域速度分别降低约29.2%、20.8%和8.3%，下游恢复长度分别增加约200%、120%和60%。静压力结果表明，有膜片模型更易形成局部低压区，其中75˚模型最大局部压降最大。局部马赫数分布表明，45˚模型达到临界状态并形成小范围局部超音速区，65˚模型局部接近临界状态，75˚和无膜片模型整体仍以亚声速流动为主。四种模型出口平均速度均接近495 m/s，出口流场均匀性差异较小。研究表明，膜片形态是影响高压氢气管路内局部流场分布的重要因素。

Abstract: To investigate the influence of different diaphragm morphologies after rupture on the steady-state flow characteristics in a high-pressure hydrogen pipeline, four models were established, including diaphragm opening angles of 45˚, 65˚, and 75˚, as well as a diaphragm-free model. Numerical simulations were conducted under identical boundary conditions and solver settings. The results show that the flow variations are mainly concentrated in the middle transition region. Compared with the diaphragm-free model, the centerline velocity in the 45˚, 65˚, and 75˚ models decreases by approximately 29.2%, 20.8%, and 8.3%, respectively, while the downstream recovery length increases by about 200%, 120%, and 60%, respectively. The static pressure results indicate that models with a residual diaphragm are more likely to form localized low-pressure regions, and the 75˚ model exhibits the largest local pressure drop. The local Mach number distributions show that the 45˚ model reaches a critical state and develops a small localized supersonic region, whereas the 65˚ model is locally close to the critical condition. In contrast, the 75˚ and diaphragm-free models remain predominantly subsonic. In addition, the outlet mean velocities of the four models are all close to 495 m/s, and the differences in outlet flow uniformity are relatively small. The results indicate that diaphragm morphology after rupture is an important factor affecting the local flow-field distribution in high-pressure hydrogen pipelines.