纳米氧化铁@碳布复合材料的制备及性能研究

Preparation and Performance Study of Nano-Iron Oxide@Carbon Cloth Composites

摘要: 本文以硝酸铁和碳布为原料采用水热法合成纳米氧化铁@碳布复合材料以替代传统散粉类吸附剂去除水中氟离子。研究了初始氟离子浓度、溶液初始pH值和吸附温度等因素对纳米氧化铁@碳布复合材料的除氟性能的影响。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪分析(EDS)等方法来对纳米氧化铁@碳布复合材料的形态结构等进行表征。研究表明，向50 mL初始浓度为10 mg/L的氟化钠溶液中加入1 cm²纳米氧化铁@碳布复合材料，用HCl和NaOH溶液调节氟离子溶液pH值到7.0，在常温条件下以160 r/min的速度磁力搅拌120 min，处理后氟离子浓度为6.06 mg/L，去除率为39.4%。纳米氧化铁@碳布复合材料对氟离子的吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型，表明纳米氧化铁@碳布复合材料吸附氟离子是一个以化学吸附为主的复杂过程。

Abstract: In this paper, iron nitrate and carbon cloth were used as raw materials to synthesize nano iron oxide@carbon cloth composites by hydrothermal method. The composite was to replace traditional loose powder adsorbents for fluoride ions in water removal. The effects of initial fluoride ion concentration, initial pH and adsorption temperature on the fluoride removal efficiency of nano-iron oxide@carbon cloth composites were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize the morphology, structure and composition of nano-iron oxide@carbon cloth composites. 1 cm² nano iron oxide@carbon cloth composite material was added to 50 mL of sodium fluoride solution with an initial concentration of 10 mg/L, and the pH value of the fluoride ion solution was adjusted to 7.0 with HCl and NaOH solution. The results showed that the fluoride ion concentration dropped to 6.06 mg/L, resulting in the removal efficiency of 39.4% after treatment with magnetic stirring at a speed of 160 r/min for 120 min at room temperature. The adsorption process of fluoride ions by nano-iron oxide@carbon cloth composites conformed to be the quasi-second-order kinetic model, indicating that the adsorption of fluoride ions by nano-iron oxide@carbon cloth composites was a complex process dominated by chemical adsorption.