绿泥石在金属矿成矿中的指示意义综述
Review of the Indicative Significance of Chlorite in Metallic Mineralization
DOI: 10.12677/ag.2026.167098, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 任 蕊, 海连富, 何昌浩, 吴星苇：宁夏回族自治区矿产地质调查院(自治区矿产地质研究所)，宁夏 银川
关键词: 绿泥石；矿物地球化学；地质温度计；成矿指示；找矿勘查；Chlorite； Mineral Geochemistry； Geothermometer； Metallogenic Indicator； Mineral Exploration
摘要: 绿泥石是热液蚀变系统中广泛发育的含水层状硅酸盐矿物，其化学成分和晶体结构对成矿物理化学条件敏感，是矿床学和找矿勘查领域的重要指示矿物。本文梳理了绿泥石的晶体化学特征与分类体系，总结其对成矿温度、氧逸度、硫逸度等物理化学条件的指示意义，阐明了绿泥石微量元素的空间变化规律及其对矿化中心和矿床类型的指示作用，揭示了绿泥石化过程与成矿作用的耦合机制。研究表明，多数绿泥石的形成温度与其AlIV含量和面网间距呈良好线性关系，Fe/(Fe + Mg)比值和Walshe模型可有效约束成矿系统的氧化还原状态。绿泥石通过改变岩石物理性质、活化迁移成矿元素、提供还原环境等方式积极参与成矿作用，其类型、成分和空间分布特征可有效示踪成矿流体的演化和矿化中心位置。绿泥石可作为斑岩型、矽卡岩型、热液脉型和花岗岩型矿床的有效找矿指示矿物。
Abstract: Chlorite is a widely developed hydrous phyllosilicate mineral in hydrothermal alteration systems. Its chemical composition and crystal structure are sensitive to the physicochemical conditions of mineralization, making it an important indicator mineral in ore deposit geology and mineral exploration. This paper systematically reviews the crystal-chemical characteristics and classification schemes of chlorite, summarizes its indicative significance for physicochemical parameters such as ore-forming temperature, oxygen fugacity, and sulfur fugacity, elucidates the spatial variation patterns of trace elements in chlorite and their implications for locating mineralization centers and discriminating deposit types, and reveals the coupling mechanism between chloritization and mineralization. Studies indicate that the formation temperature of most chlorites shows a good linear relationship with their tetrahedral aluminum (AlIV) content and d-spacing, while the Fe/(Fe + Mg) ratio and the Walshe model can effectively constrain the redox state of the ore-forming system. Chlorite actively participates in mineralization by altering rock physical properties, mobilizing and transporting ore-forming elements, and providing reducing environments. Its type, composition, and spatial distribution characteristics can effectively trace the evolution of ore-forming fluids and the location of mineralization centers. Chlorite can serve as an effective prospecting indicator mineral for porphyry, skarn, hydrothermal vein, and granite-type deposits.
文章引用：任蕊, 海连富, 何昌浩, 吴星苇. 绿泥石在金属矿成矿中的指示意义综述[J]. 地球科学前沿, 2026, 16(7): 1099-1108. https://doi.org/10.12677/ag.2026.167098

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