大连市农产品质量安全监管体系现状与优化路径分析

Analysis on the Current Situation and Optimization Path of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Supervision System in Dalian

摘要: 随着居民消费升级与食品安全意识提升，农产品质量安全成为衡量农业发展质量与政府治理能力的关键指标。大连作为我国北方重要农产品生产与出口基地，其监管工作对保障民生、维护区域农业品牌形象意义重大。本文以大连市农产品质量安全监管体系为研究对象，先界定农产品质量安全、监管体系等核心概念，阐述公共治理、全链条管理、信息不对称三大理论及其实践指导价值；再从监管机制、技术支撑、主体培育三方面分析体系现状，发现存在监管权责模糊、基层检测薄弱、溯源覆盖不全、主体责任落实不到位等困境；最后针对性提出明确权责边界、强化技术支撑、完善溯源体系、健全激励约束机制的优化路径。研究旨在提升大连市农产品质量安全监管效能，推动农业高质量发展，也为北方沿海城市及农产品出口基地提供可借鉴的监管经验。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of upgrading household consumption and rising public awareness of food safety, the quality and safety of agricultural products have emerged as a core indicator for measuring the quality of agricultural development and government governance capacity. As a vital production and export base for agricultural products in northern China, Dalian’s supervision work bears great significance for safeguarding people’s livelihoods and preserving the regional agricultural brand image. This paper takes Dalian’s supervision system for the quality and safety of agricultural products as its research subject. It first defines core concepts including agricultural product quality and safety and the supervision system, and elaborates on three major theories—public governance, full-chain management, and information asymmetry—as well as their practical guiding value. Next, it analyzes the current state of the system from three dimensions: supervision mechanisms, technical support, and cultivation of market entities. The study identifies prominent dilemmas such as ambiguous supervision powers and responsibilities, inadequate grassroots testing capacity, incomplete traceability coverage, and insufficient implementation of accountability by market entities. Finally, targeted optimization approaches are proposed, including clarifying the division of powers and responsibilities, strengthening technical support, improving the traceability system, and establishing sound incentive and restraint mechanisms. This research aims to enhance the efficiency of Dalian’s supervision over agricultural product quality and safety, advance high-quality agricultural development, and offer replicable supervision experience for other coastal cities in northern China and agricultural product export bases.