Mg3X2 (X = Bi, Sb)热电输运性质的研究进展
Research Progress on the Thermoelectric Transport Properties of Mg3X2 (X = Bi, Sb)
摘要: Mg3X2 (X = Bi, Sb)基Zintl相化合物因其独特的“电子晶体–声子玻璃”特性，已成为中低温热电领域的研究热点。文章系统综述了Mg3Sb2与Mg3Bi2两类材料在晶体结构、能带特征、热输运及电输运性能方面的研究进展。在热输运方面，分析单晶本征低热导率的物理机制，探讨合金化、纳米结构化及元素掺杂对增强声子散射、降低晶格热导率的调控作用。在电输运方面，重点讨论了通过调控Mg化学计量比和掺杂实现高热电优值的策略，同时也总结了p型材料性能优化的主要路径，介绍了单晶Mg3Bi2高性能制冷器件的研究突破。
Abstract: Mg3X2 (X = Bi, Sb)-based Zintl phase compounds have emerged as a research focus in mid-to-low temperature thermoelectrics owing to their distinctive “electron crystal-phonon glass” characteristics. This review systematically summarizes recent progress on Mg₃Sb2 and Mg₃Bi2 concerning their crystal structures, band features, thermal transport, and electrical transport properties. For thermal transport, this study analyzes the physical origin of the intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity in single crystals and discusses the roles of alloying, nanostructuring, and elemental doping in enhancing phonon scattering and reducing lattice thermal conductivity. For electrical transport, this study highlights strategies for achieving high thermoelectric performance by tuning Mg stoichiometry and doping, while also summarizing major routes for optimizing p-type materials. Additionally, a breakthrough in high-performance cooling devices based on single-crystal Mg3Bi2 is introduced.
文章引用：张文婷. Mg3X2 (X = Bi, Sb)热电输运性质的研究进展[J]. 材料科学, 2026, 16(7): 143-154. https://doi.org/10.12677/ms.2026.167163

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