电子商务对居民消费升级的影响研究

A Study on the Impact of E-Commerce on Residents’ Consumption Upgrading

摘要: 电子商务作为数字经济的重要组成部分，正深刻重塑居民消费模式，成为推动消费升级的关键驱动力。本文基于现有研究成果，系统分析电子商务对居民消费升级的影响效应、作用机制及制约因素。研究发现，电子商务通过优化商品供给结构、降低交易成本、提升消费便利性、缓解流动性约束等渠道，显著促进居民消费从生存型向享受型和发展型转变。然而，城乡数字鸿沟、居民数字素养差异、物流基础设施不均衡、市场监管滞后等因素制约着电子商务消费升级效应的充分发挥。本文提出应从完善数字基础设施、提升全民数字素养、健全市场监管体系、推动城乡电商协同发展等方面入手，进一步释放电子商务对居民消费升级的驱动潜能，为构建新发展格局提供有力支撑。

Abstract: As a vital component of the digital economy, e-commerce is profoundly reshaping residents’ consumption patterns and has become a key driver of consumption upgrading. Based on existing research findings, this paper systematically analyzes the impact effects, mechanisms and constraints of e-commerce on residents’ consumption upgrading. The study reveals that e-commerce significantly facilitates the transformation of residents’ consumption from subsistence-oriented to enjoyment-oriented and development-oriented by optimizing the commodity supply structure, reducing transaction costs, improving consumption convenience, and easing liquidity constraints. However, factors such as the urban-rural digital divide, disparities in residents’ digital literacy, unbalanced logistics infrastructure, and lagging market regulation restrict the full play of e-commerce’s effect on consumption upgrading. This paper proposes to start with improving digital infrastructure, enhancing national digital literacy, perfecting the market supervision system, and promoting the coordinated development of urban and rural e-commerce, so as to further unlock the driving potential of e-commerce for residents’ consumption upgrading and provide strong support for building a new development paradigm.