老年教育、旅游与文娱服务的供需匹配研究

Research on the Supply and Demand Matching of Elderly Education, Tourism and Entertainment Services

摘要: 在我国人口老龄化加剧、老年群体需求向品质化与精神文化转型的背景下，老年教育、老年旅游、老年文娱服务成为积极老龄化与银发经济发展的关键领域。同时，老年教育、老年旅游、老年文娱服务供需失衡问题突出。本文剖析三大服务供给现状及供需错位困境。结果表明，我国老年服务供给规模不断扩大、主体日趋多元，但存在资源不均、内容同质、质量不一、协同不足等问题；老年群体需求呈多元化、品质化、个性化特征，且年龄、健康、城乡差异明显；供需存在结构、质量、分布、对接四重错位。最后从完善政策体系、优化供给结构、畅通需求表达、构建协同机制方面提出优化路径，以提升供需匹配水平，推动积极老龄化与银发经济高质量发展。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of a deeply aging population and the transformation of the elderly’s demands towards quality and spiritual and cultural aspects in China, elderly education, elderly tourism, and elderly cultural and entertainment services have become key areas for active aging and the development of the silver economy. However, there is a prominent imbalance between supply and demand in these three services. This paper analyzes the current supply situation and the mismatch dilemma of the three services. The results show that the scale of elderly service supply in China is constantly expanding and the supply subjects are becoming increasingly diverse, but there are problems such as uneven distribution of resources, homogeneity of content, inconsistent quality, and insufficient coordination. The demands of the elderly population are characterized by diversification, quality orientation, and personalization, and there are significant differences in terms of age, health, and urban-rural areas. There are four types of mismatches between supply and demand: structure, quality, distribution, and connection. Finally, this paper proposes optimization paths from the aspects of improving the policy system, optimizing the supply structure, smoothing the expression of demand, and building a coordination mechanism to enhance the matching level of supply and demand and promote the high-quality development of active aging and the silver economy.